orario Italian · revision 39286

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=before 1574, Cornelio Musso|origins=la hōra}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /oˈra.rjo/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''orario''' (feminine oraria, masculine plural orari, feminine plural orarie)^(Wiktionary)

+ As a noun: '''orario''' ''m'' (plural ''orari'').^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ The adjective is [[bor|la-med|horārius|t=of the hours]], a learned word formed from [[m|la|hōra|t=hour]].^(DELI 1999)^(Nocentini 2010)^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026) Wiktionary takes it from [[la-lat|hōrārium]];^(Wiktionary) DEI notes that the Latin noun meant “clock”, and compares [[fr|horaire]] (1532).^(DEI|2666) The inherited descendant of the Latin noun is [[ora]], and [[oriolo]], an old word for “clock”, belongs to the same family.^(Wiktionary)^(Devoto 1968)

+

+ The noun, “timetable”, is the adjective used as a noun (1848, according to Nocentini and Devoto–Oli), like the French noun (1868).^(Nocentini 2010)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(DEI|2666)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ DELI's earliest dates for the adjective are before 1574 (Cornelio Musso) and 1608–1619, when Paolo Sarpi writes of the ''preci orarie'' of the breviary, the prayers of the canonical hours.^(DELI 1999) Galileo, in the ''Dialogue'' (1632), measures the movements of the Earth ''in tempi orari'', in hours.^(DELI 1999)^(GDLI|12)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Francesco Redi (before 1698) writes of the ''orarie mutazioni'' of an illness, its changes from hour to hour.^(DELI 1999)^(Tommaseo–Bellini 1861) Medical writers also called ''orarie'' fevers and fruits that last only an hour or a short time.^(GDLI|12)

+

+ The noun was born in the age of schools, railways and offices.^(DELI 1999)^(Nocentini 2010) Melchiorre Cesarotti speaks of an ''orario scolastico'' in 1797, and in 1848 Ugolini noted that the noun was missing from the dictionary although it was in use.^(DELI 1999) Twentieth-century technology added ''velocità oraria'', speed per hour (1905), and ''segnale orario'', the time signal broadcast by radio (1939–1940).^(DELI 1999) The modern dictionaries record many fixed phrases: ''fuso orario'' (time zone), ''disco orario'' (parking disc), ''senso orario'' (clockwise), ''orario continuato'' and ''orario flessibile'' (working hours without a break, flexitime).^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * Before 1574 – Cornelio Musso uses the adjective.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1608–1619 – Paolo Sarpi writes of the ''preci orarie'' of the breviary.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1642 – GRADIT's date of first record.^(GRADIT 2003)

+ * Before 1698 – Francesco Redi writes of the hourly changes of an illness.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1797 – Melchiorre Cesarotti uses ''orario scolastico''.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1848 – The noun “timetable” is recorded.^(Nocentini 2010)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)

+ * 1905 – ''Velocità oraria'' is noted as a new phrase.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1939–1940 – ''Segnale orario'' “time signal” is recorded.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Relating to the [[m|en|hour]] as a unit of time, or to time in general: ''la tabella oraria''.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+ # Happening every hour; calculated by the hour: ''Il compenso orario è basso.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+ # ''(senso orario)'' [[m|en|clockwise]].^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Treccani 2011)

+ # ''(astronomy)'' In ''angolo orario'' and ''cerchio orario'', referring to the hour circle of a star.^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+

+ ===Noun===

+ # The hours at which an activity takes place; working or opening hours: ''L'orario di apertura del museo è cambiato.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+ # A [[m|en|timetable]], a schedule of set hours: ''l'orario delle visite''.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)

+ # A printed timetable of a transport service: ''Ho controllato l'orario dei pullman.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[antiorario]]

+ * [[extraorario]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[ora]]

+ * [[oriolo]]

+ * [[la|hōra]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ ''In orario'' means “on time”, ''fuori orario'' “outside working hours”.^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(GRADIT 2003) A minor homograph, ''orario'' “priest's stole” (from before 1600), is a learned word from [[la-med|ōrārium]], also Church Latin, a cloth for wiping the face, from [[la|ōs|t=face, mouth]].^(GRADIT 2003)^(GDLI|12)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}