comunità Italian · revision 39265

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=before 1327, Cecco d'Ascoli|origins=la commūnis}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /ko.mu.niˈta/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''comunità''' ''f'' (invariable)^(Wiktionary)

+ Old Italian forms include ''comunitade'', ''comunitate'', ''communità'' and ''comunitae''.^(TLIO)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is a learned borrowing, [[bor|la|commūnitās|t=sharing, community]], formed from [[m|la|commūnis|t=common]] with the suffix [[m|la|-tās]].^(DELI 1999)^(Nocentini 2010)^(GRADIT 2003)^(Wiktionary)^(OLD 2012) Old forms ending in -tade and -tae show a half-learned development of the Latin ending.^(LEI|16, 156)

+

+ The LEI lists the Latin word as a learned borrowing across Romance: [[fur|comunitât]], [[rm|communitad]], [[frm|communité]], [[pro|comunitat]], [[ca|comunitat]], [[osp|comunidat]] (1240–1250) and [[pt|comunidade]] (from 1272).^(LEI|16, 156) The Latin adjective is also the source of [[comune]], of which the Italian word was felt to be a derivative.^(TLIO)^(Devoto 1968)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The TLIO's first record is in an Old Italian version of Egidio Romano from Siena (1288), in the sense of a body of people joined by a social bond.^(TLIO) DELI dates the first record to Cecco d'Ascoli, before 1327, in the sense of a number of people joined by common ties into a single body.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In Old Italian the word also meant a league, guild or religious sect, the whole of mankind, the sharing of a thing or condition (''mettere in comunità'', to make common property), and even the sacrament of communion.^(TLIO)^(LEI|16, 156) By 1348 Villani uses it for the commune, the town and its citizens, a sense found also in Venetian, Genoese and Emilian.^(DELI 1999)^(LEI|16, 156) In 15th-century Genoa it could mean a republic as opposed to a lordship.^(LEI|16, 156) The abstract sense “commonness” is now rare.^(GDLI)^(Treccani 2011)

+

+ In modern Italian the word names religious communities and parishes, political groupings of states (''Comunità economica europea''), and, since the late 20th century, residential centres for the treatment of drug addicts, ''comunità terapeutiche'', recorded in the press in 1984.^(GRADIT 2003)^(GDLI)^(Devoto–Oli 2026) The ''comunità montana'' is a public body formed by a group of mountain municipalities.^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1288 – An Old Italian version of Egidio Romano from Siena uses the word.^(TLIO)

+ * Before 1327 – Cecco d'Ascoli uses it.^(DELI 1999)

+ * Before 1348 – Villani uses it for the commune.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1361 – Venetian ''comunità'' is recorded in a letter.^(LEI|16, 156)

+ * 1484 – Genoese ''communità'' “republic” is recorded.^(LEI|16, 156)

+ * 1984 – ''La Repubblica'' writes about therapeutic communities for drug addicts.^(GDLI)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|community]]: a group of people joined by shared language, organization or interests: ''la comunità italiana di Buenos Aires''.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+ # A group of people who live together under the same rules, especially a religious one: ''una comunità di monaci''.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+ # A centre for the rehabilitation of drug addicts or people with mental illness through communal life and work, ''comunità terapeutica''.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+ # A religious denomination; a [[m|en|parish]] and its faithful.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Treccani 2011)

+ # An organization of states bound by economic or political treaties: ''Comunità economica europea''.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+ # ''(rare)'' Commonness, the state of being shared.^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Treccani 2011)^(GDLI)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[comunitario]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[comune]]

+ * [[comunione]]

+ * [[la|commūnitās]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ The word is invariable: ''le comunità''.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}