sollevare Italian · revision 39234

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=1300–1313, Dante|origins=la levis}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /sol.leˈva.re/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''sollevare''' (first-person singular present sollèvo, first-person singular past historic sollevài, past participle sollevàto, auxiliary avére)^(Wiktionary)

+ Old forms include [[m|roa-oit|solevare]], [[m|roa-oit|sulevare]] and [[m|roa-oit|sullevare]], with an old present ''sollievo''.^(GDLI)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|la|sublevō|t=to lift up; to relieve]], made of [[m|la|sub-|t=under, from below]] and [[m|la|levō|t=to lift]].^(DELI 1999)^(Nocentini 2010)^(GRADIT 2003)^(Wiktionary) Meyer-Lübke records the verb only in Italian and in Menorcan [[m|ca|sobllevar]] “to anger”;^(REW 1935)^(DEI|3538)^(Nocentini 2010) Old French [[m|fro|souzlever]] and modern [[fr|soulever]] were remade with another prefix.^(REW 1935)^(DEI|3538)^(Nocentini 2010)

+

+ Latin [[m|la|levō]] is formed from [[m|la|levis|t=light in weight]], which de Vaan derives from Proto-Indo-European [[m|ine-pro|*h₁legʷʰ-u-|t=light]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The first record is Dante, in 1300–1313, for “to lift up, raise to a higher position”: ''La bocca sollevò dal fiero pasto / quel peccator'' “that sinner raised his mouth from the savage meal”.^(DELI 1999)^(GDLI)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ DELI dates the main senses one by one: “to raise, exalt” in Domenico Cavalca before 1342, “to stir up to revolt” in Ser Giovanni in the second half of the 14th century, the reflexive “to rise” in Petrarch before 1374, “to raise a question” in Cerretani before 1524, and “to free from a burden” in Marin Sanudo before 1536.^(DELI 1999) The reflexive “to rebel” is in Guicciardini before 1540, and a ''terra sollevata in arme'', a town risen in arms, is found at the end of the 15th century; the reflexive “to feel relief” is in Cecchi in 1550–1551.^(DELI 1999) English borrowed the political sense as ''sollevate'' before 1734, a rare word.^(DIFIT)

+

+ Among the derivatives, [[sollevazione]] “uprising” is in Guicciardini, and [[sollievo]] “relief” dates from the 17th century.^(DEI|3538)^(Nocentini 2010) ''Sollevamento pesi'', weightlifting, recorded from 1896, is modelled on English ''weight-lifting''.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1300–1313 – Dante uses ''sollevare'' for “to lift up”.^(DELI 1999)

+ * Before 1342 – Domenico Cavalca uses it for “to raise, exalt”.^(DELI 1999)

+ * Second half of the 14th century – Ser Giovanni uses it for “to incite to revolt”.^(DELI 1999)

+ * Before 1374 – Petrarch uses the reflexive ''sollevarsi'' “to rise”.^(DELI 1999)

+ * Before 1540 – Guicciardini uses ''sollevarsi'' for “to rebel”.^(DELI 1999)

+ * Before 1734 – English ''sollevate'' is recorded.^(DIFIT)

+ * 1896 – ''Sollevamento dei pesi'' “weightlifting” appears in the ''Corriere della Sera''.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|lift]], raise, move to a higher position: ''Sollevò la valigia e la mise sul portapacchi.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To raise slightly; to turn upwards: ''sollevare lo sguardo''.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+ # To raise dust or the like: ''Le macchine sollevavano nuvole di polvere.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+ # ''(figurative)'' To raise someone from poverty or distress, to help: ''sollevare qualcuno dalla miseria''.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+ # ''(figurative)'' To [[m|en|relieve]] someone of a burden or task; euphemistically, to remove from office: ''sollevare qualcuno dall'incarico''.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+ # To comfort, cheer: ''La telefonata della figlia lo sollevò molto.''^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To stir up to revolt: ''sollevare il popolo contro il governo''.^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)^(Treccani 2011)

+ # To raise a question or provoke a reaction: ''La proposta sollevò molte critiche.''^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(DELI 1999)

+ # ''(literary)'' To raise to a high rank; to exalt: ''sollevare qualcuno ai più alti gradi''.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Treccani 2011)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[sollievo]]

+ * [[sollevamento]]

+ * [[sollevazione]]

+ * [[sollevatore]]

+ * [[sollevabile]]

+ * [[sollevato]]

+ * [[risollevare]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[levare]]

+ * [[la|sublevō]]

+ * [[fr|soulever]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ The reflexive ''sollevarsi'' means to rise, to recover one's spirits, or to rebel: ''La città si sollevò contro gli invasori.''^(DELI 1999)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010) A common phrase is ''sollevare un polverone'', to stir up a fuss.^(GRADIT 2003)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}