nazione Italian · revision 39197

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=before 1294, Brunetto Latini|origins=la nascor}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /natˈt͡sjo.ne/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''nazione''' ''f'' (plural nazioni)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is a learned word, [[bor|la|natio|t=birth; people, nation]], from [[m|la|nātus|t=born]], the participle of [[m|la|nascor|t=to be born]].^(DELI 1999)^(Nocentini 2010)^(GRADIT 2003)^(Wiktionary) The Latin noun is formed with the suffix of verbal abstracts [[m|la|-tiō]] from [[itc-pro|*gnātiō]].^(Wiktionary)^(OLD 2012) DEI compares the Old Umbrian form [[m|xum|natine]].^(DEI|2558) The same Latin word gave [[fr|nation]] and [[es|nación]], and spread to the European languages.^(Nocentini 2010)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The first record is in Brunetto Latini, before 1294, in the sense “birth, generation”, which went out of use in the 15th century.^(DELI 1999)^(GRADIT 2003) Boccaccio has the sense “people sharing language, history and civilisation” in 1353.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In Latin the word moved from “birth” to “population, people”, and in Christian Latin the plural ''nationes'' (from Tertullian) meant the pagans; hence Saint Paul is ''l'apostolo delle nazioni''.^(DELI 1999)^(DEI|2558)^(Devoto–Oli 2026) In Old Italian ''nazione'' could mean one's birth and family origin, as in Dante's “e sua nazion sarà tra feltro e feltro”, and the community of merchants or students from one country living abroad.^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(GRADIT 2003)

+

+ Folena showed that ''nazione'' and ''patria'' led separate lives in 18th-century Europe until the revolutionary period fused them, and in 1798 Benincasa listed ''nazione'' among words that had come to Italy anew or with a changed meaning.^(DELI 1999) DEI dates the sense “the citizens of a state as a social body” to 1789.^(DEI|2558) Most derivatives came through French: ''nazionalismo'' (before 1872, Mazzini), ''nazionalità'' (1797), ''nazionalizzare''.^(DELI 1999)^(Nocentini 2010) ''Nazionalsocialismo'' (1933) and ''nazista'' (1934) also came, probably through French, from German.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * Before 1294 – Brunetto Latini uses ''nazione'' for “birth, generation”.^(DELI 1999)^(GRADIT 2003)

+ * 1353 – Boccaccio uses it for a people.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1488 – ''Nazionale'' is recorded in a document.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1789 – DEI's date for the sense “the body of a state's citizens”.^(DEI|2558)

+ * 1797 – ''Nazionalità'' is recorded.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1798 – Benincasa lists ''nazione'' among new or changed words.^(DELI 1999)

+ * Before 1872 – Mazzini uses ''nazionalismo''.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1934 – ''Nazista'' appears in the ''Enciclopedia italiana''.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|nation]]: a people bound by a common history, language and culture and aware of it, whether or not it forms a single state: ''la nazione curda''.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+ # ''(by extension)'' A [[m|en|state]] or country; its territory: ''le nazioni dell'Africa'', ''le Nazioni Unite''.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+ # The citizens of a state as a whole: ''un messaggio del presidente alla nazione''.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+ # ''(historical)'' A group of people, especially merchants or students, from the same country living abroad.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Treccani 2011)

+ # ''(archaic)'' Birth, family origin; generation.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[nazionale]]

+ * [[nazionalismo]]

+ * [[nazionalista]]

+ * [[nazionalistico]]

+ * [[nazionalità]]

+ * [[nazionalizzare]]

+ * [[nazionalizzazione]]

+ * [[nazionalsocialismo]]

+ * [[nazismo]]

+ * [[nazista]]

+ * [[denazionalizzare]]

+ * [[connazionale]]

+ * [[internazionale]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[nascere]]

+ * [[nato]]

+ * [[nativo]]

+ * [[la|natio]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Zingarelli distinguishes ''nazione'' (a community with a shared heritage), ''stato'' (the legal and political body) and ''popolo'' (the inhabitants of a place).^(Zingarelli 2010)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}