dichiarazione Italian · revision 39167

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=borrowing|attested=1309–1310, Sienese statute|origins=la clarus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /di.kja.ratˈt͡sjo.ne/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''dichiarazione''' ''f'' (plural dichiarazioni)^(Wiktionary)

+ Old forms include [[roa-oit|declaratione]], [[roa-oit|dechiarazione]] and [[roa-oit|dichiaragione]].^(TLIO)^(GDLI)^(Tommaseo–Bellini 1861)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ According to Nocentini, GRADIT and Devoto–Oli it is [[bor|la|dēclārātiō|t=a making known, announcement]].^(Nocentini 2010)^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026) The LEI and the TLIO see the Italian form as a new formation from the verb [[dichiarare]], with the Latin noun behind learned early forms such as [[roa-oit|declaratione]];^(LEI)^(TLIO)^(Wiktionary) Devoto speaks of the Latin word influenced by the verb.^(Devoto 1968)

+

+ The Latin noun was formed from [[m|la|dēclārō|t=to make clear, announce]],^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) a compound of [[m|la|dē-]] and [[m|la|clārō|t=to light up]], from [[m|la|clārus|t=clear, bright]].^(DELI 1999)^(Nocentini 2010) The Italian verb was reshaped after [[chiaro]];^(Nocentini 2010) the LEI sees it as a possible popular continuation of the Latin verb, while the REW and DEI treat it as a learned word.^(LEI|1, 565) The Latin noun also gave [[rm|declaraziun]], [[fr|déclaration]] (1290), [[ca|declaració]], [[es|declaración]] and [[pt|declaração]].^(LEI|1, 574)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The TLIO's first record is in a Sienese statute of 1309–1310, and DELI's first date is before 1342 in Domenico Cavalca.^(TLIO)^(DELI 1999) The early senses were the act of declaring, an explanation that resolves doubts, and in law a statement or testimony with official force, or a ruling that clarifies an existing rule.^(TLIO)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In the older language the word often meant an explanation or a commentary on a text: Cavalca writes ''a dichiarazione della detta parola'' (“to explain this word”), and Francesco da Buti uses ''dichiaragione'' for Virgil's explanations to Dante.^(GDLI) This sense is now literary.^(Treccani 2011)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+

+ The sense of a formal statement became dominant, in public life and in law: the ''dichiarazione di guerra'', the declaration of rights, such as the French Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen of 1789, and the annual ''dichiarazione dei redditi'' (tax return).^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Treccani 2011)^(Gabrielli 2020) After the reflexive ''dichiararsi'' “to declare one's love”, first dated in Goldoni (1750), a ''dichiarazione d'amore'' is a declaration of love.^(DELI 1999)^(GRADIT 2003) In card games, especially bridge, the word means a bid.^(GRADIT 2003)^(GDLI)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1309–1310 – The word appears in a Sienese statute.^(TLIO)

+ * Before 1342 – Domenico Cavalca uses ''dichiarazione'' for an explanation.^(DELI 1999)^(GDLI)

+ * 1385–1395 – Francesco da Buti uses the form ''dichiaragione''.^(GDLI)^(Tommaseo–Bellini 1861)

+ * 1750 – Goldoni uses ''dichiararsi'' “to declare one's love”.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1987 – ''Dichiarazione'' in the sense of a bid at bridge appears in ''La Repubblica''.^(GDLI)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|statement]] or [[m|en|declaration]], spoken or written; the document that contains it: ''Il ministro non ha voluto rilasciare dichiarazioni.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+ # ''Dichiarazione d'amore'', a declaration of love, ''fare la dichiarazione'' is to tell someone one loves them.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Zingarelli 2010)^(Treccani 2011)

+ # ''(law)'' A formal act or document attesting or establishing something: ''dichiarazione dei redditi'' (tax return), ''dichiarazione di fallimento'' (declaration of bankruptcy).^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+ # ''(diplomacy)'' A document in which one or more states state their position: ''dichiarazione di guerra''.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)

+ # ''(card games)'' The announcement of combinations held; in [[m|en|bridge]], a bid.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Treccani 2011)

+ # ''(literary)'' An explanation or interpretation: ''la dichiarazione di un passo difficile''.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Treccani 2011)^(Gabrielli 2020)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[controdichiarazione]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[dichiarare]]

+ * [[dichiarante]]

+ * [[chiaro]]

+ * [[la|declaratio]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ ''Dichiarazione congiunta'' is a joint statement issued after a meeting, and ''dichiarazione di voto'' the statement of how one will vote, made before a vote in parliament.^(Treccani 2011)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(GRADIT 2003)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}