coraggioso Italian · revision 39145

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 1230–1250, Giacomo da Lentini|origins=la cor}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /ko.radˈd͡ʒo.zo/, /ko.radˈd͡ʒo.so/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''coraggioso''' (feminine coraggiosa, masculine plural coraggiosi, feminine plural coraggiose)^(Wiktionary)

+ Old Italian forms include [[m|roa-oit|coraçoso]], [[m|roa-oit|corazosa]], [[m|roa-oit|curagioso]] and [[scn|corayusi]].^(TLIO)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|it|coraggio|-oso]].^(GRADIT 2003)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Wiktionary)^(TLIO) The noun was borrowed from [[pro|coratge|t=heart; courage]], from [[la-vul|*corāticum]], a derivative of [[la|cor|t=heart]].^(DELI 1999)^(Nocentini 2010)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The first record is in Giacomo da Lentini (c. 1230–1250), in the sense of someone with strength of mind, who dares.^(TLIO)^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Old Italian used the word for a self-assured person, a warrior valiant in arms, an animal, and an action that needs daring.^(TLIO) It also meant frank and honest, of noble birth, and noble-hearted or generous.^(TLIO) Dante da Maiano writes ''Talor pensando son sì coraggioso, / che spero dimandar del suo piacere'' (“Sometimes, thinking, I am so bold that I hope to ask her pleasure”).^(GDLI|3, 760)^(Tommaseo–Bellini 1861)

+

+ As a noun it is old too: Castiglione's ''Cortegiano'' says that the brave (''i coraggiosi'') are often known more in small things than in great ones.^(GDLI|3, 760)^(Tommaseo–Bellini 1861) Devoto–Oli adds a modern use for a decision or initiative taken out of conviction against one's own interest or the opinion of many.^(Devoto–Oli 2026)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 1230–1250 – Giacomo da Lentini uses ''coraggioso''.^(TLIO)^(DELI 1999)

+ * Second half of the 13th century – GRADIT's date for the first record.^(GRADIT 2003)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # [[m|en|brave]], [[m|en|courageous]]: having courage and showing it: ''un pompiere coraggioso''.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+ # Of an act, done with courage: ''una scelta coraggiosa''.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Treccani 2011)

+ # Of a decision, bold, taken out of conviction even against one's own interest or common opinion.^(Devoto–Oli 2026)

+

+ ===Noun===

+ # A brave person.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Gabrielli 2020)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[coraggiosamente]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[coraggio]]

+ * [[cuore]]

+ * [[pro|coratge]]

+ * [[la|cor]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Synonyms are ''audace'', ''ardito'' and ''valoroso''; the opposite is ''pavido''.^(Zingarelli 2010)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026) The ''s'' is pronounced both voiced and voiceless.^(Wiktionary)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}