arrabbiare Italian · revision 39143

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=before 1292, Bono Giamboni|origins=la rabiō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /ar.rabˈbja.re/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''arrabbiare''' (first-person singular present arràbbio, first-person singular past historic arrabbiài, past participle arrabbiàto, auxiliary èssere)^(Wiktionary)

+ Old forms include [[m|roa-oit|arabbiare]] and [[scn|arayari]].^(TLIO)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|it|a-|rabbia|-are]], a parasynthetic verb.^(DELI 1999)^(GRADIT 2003)^(Wiktionary) Southern Italian [[arraggiare]] is its phonetic counterpart, from [[raggia]], the southern form of the noun.^(DEI|299) Parallel verbs from the same noun are [[fr|rager]], [[ca|rabiar]], [[es|rabiar]] and [[pt|raivar|t=to rage]].^(REW 1935)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The TLIO's first record is in Bono Giamboni's translation of Orosius (before 1292), in the sense of an animal becoming rabid.^(TLIO) DELI dates the sense “to fly into a rage” from Cecco Angiolieri, before 1313.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In Old Italian the verb was also figurative: to behave like a rabid animal or a madman under the spur of desire or pain, to rage against someone, and even to go mad.^(TLIO) A 14th-century treatise says that animals which see a certain shadow in the water go rabid, and that a person they bite will go rabid too.^(GDLI|1, 678)^(Tommaseo–Bellini 1861)

+

+ The pronominal ''arrabbiarsi'', now the usual verb for getting angry, is recorded from before 1463 (Guiniforto delli Barbigi).^(DELI 1999) Exaggerated uses such as ''arrabbiare dalla fame'' or ''dalla sete'', to suffer badly from hunger or thirst, are recorded too.^(GDLI|1, 678)^(Treccani 2011) Tommaseo–Bellini records the coarse oath ''ch'i' arrabbi'' (“may I go rabid”), used to swear that something is true.^(Tommaseo–Bellini 1861)

+

+ The participle ''arrabbiato'' meant “rabid” in Iacopone (before 1306) and “angry” in Dante (before 1321); ''arrabbiatura'', a fit of anger, is recorded from 1865.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * Before 1292 – Bono Giamboni uses ''arrabbiare'' of animals that become rabid.^(TLIO)

+ * Before 1306 – Iacopone uses ''arrabbiato'' “rabid”.^(DELI 1999)

+ * Before 1313 – Cecco Angiolieri uses the verb for getting angry.^(DELI 1999)

+ * Before 1321 – Dante uses ''arrabbiato'' “angry”.^(DELI 1999)

+ * Before 1463 – The pronominal ''arrabbiarsi'' is recorded.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1865 – ''Arrabbiatura'' is recorded.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # ''(intransitive, of animals)'' To catch [[rabbia|alt=rabies]], to become rabid.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+ # ''(intransitive, usually pronominal arrabbiarsi)'' To get [[m|en|angry]], to lose one's temper: ''Si è arrabbiata perché nessuno l'aveva avvertita.''^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+ # ''(fare arrabbiare)'' To make someone angry: ''Smettila di farmi arrabbiare!''^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)^(Gabrielli 2020)

+ # ''(figurative)'' To suffer badly from hunger, thirst, heat and the like: ''arrabbiare dalla sete''.^(Treccani 2011)^(Gabrielli 2020)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+ # ''(transitive, rare)'' To make rabid; to make furious.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Gabrielli 2020)

+ # ''(of plants or soil)'' To wither from too much heat.^(Gabrielli 2020)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[arrabbiato]]

+ * [[arrabbiatura]]

+ * [[arrabbiamento]]

+ * [[arrabbiata]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[rabbia]]

+ * [[rabbioso]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ GRADIT marks the plain verb as rare: the common form is ''arrabbiarsi''.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Zingarelli 2010) A separate, technical ''arrabbiare'' (also ''arrobbiare'') meant to dye with [[robbia]], madder; it comes from ''robbia''.^(GDLI|1, 693)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}