commissione Italian · revision 39115

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=1266, Verona document|origins=la mittō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /kom.misˈsjo.ne/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''commissione''' ''f'' (plural commissioni)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is a learned word, [[bor|la|commissio|alt=commissiō]], a noun from [[m|la|committō|t=to bring together; to entrust; to commit]].^(DELI 1999)^(Nocentini 2010)^(GRADIT 2003)^(Wiktionary) Classical Latin used it for the beginning or holding of games and contests and for a joining or union;^(OLD 2012)^(DELI 1999)^(Nocentini 2010) the sense “committing (of a sin)” is in late Latin, and the senses “mandate, order” come from Medieval Latin, where [[m|la-med|commissio]] “mandate” is recorded from 1202.^(LEI|15, 1521) The prefix is [[m|la|com-]] and the verb [[m|la|mittō|t=to send]].^(Wiktionary)

+

+ The sense “group of people entrusted with a public task” is a calque of [[en|commission]], according to DELI, Nocentini and Devoto–Oli.^(DELI 1999)^(Nocentini 2010)^(Devoto–Oli 2026) The derivatives [[commissionare]] and [[commissionario]] follow [[fr|commissionner]] (15th century) and [[fr|commissionnaire]] (1506).^(DELI 1999)^(Nocentini 2010)^(LEI|15, 1521) The same learned word is [[fr|commission]], [[ca|comissió]] (before 1272) and [[es|comisión]] (1331).^(LEI|15, 1521)

+

+ Old Italian had many forms, among them [[roa-oit|commessione]], [[roa-oit|comission]] and [[roa-oit|chomessione]].^(TLIO)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The TLIO's first record is a Verona document of 1266, with the sense “task to be carried out for someone, mandate”.^(TLIO) The sense “committing, carrying out (of an act)” is in Andrea da Grosseto's Tuscan translation of Albertano of Brescia (1268), and Siena's ''Costituto'' of 1309–1310 uses the plural for unlawful acts.^(TLIO)^(LEI|15, 1521)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ DELI dates “task for others” to Giordano da Pisa (1305–1306), “order, command” to the 14th century (''commessione'') and to Poliziano, before 1494 (''commissione''), and “order for goods” to Vasari (1550).^(DELI 1999) Already in Old Italian the word could mean a fee for a task, and the TLIO lists phrases such as ''lettera di commissione'', a letter stating the terms of a mandate.^(TLIO) Some 16th-century texts still use the Latin sense “joint, union”.^(LEI|15, 1521)

+

+ The sense “committee” appears in the ''Gazzetta universale'' in 1780.^(DELI 1999) ''Commissionario'', an agent who buys or sells for a principal, is recorded in 1723 and ''commissionare'' “to order” in 1797, in the minutes of the provisional Municipality of Venice.^(DELI 1999) In theology a ''peccato di commissione'' (a sin of commission) is set against a sin of omission, and in law ''commissione'' is still the committing of an offence.^(GRADIT 2003)^(LEI|15, 1521)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1266 – A Verona document uses ''commissione'' for a mandate.^(TLIO)

+ * 1268 – Andrea da Grosseto uses it for the carrying out of an act.^(TLIO)

+ * 1305–1306 – Giordano da Pisa uses it for a task done for others.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1550 – Vasari uses it for an order for goods.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1723 – ''Commissionario'' is first recorded.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1780 – The sense “committee” appears in the ''Gazzetta universale''.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1797 – ''Commissionare'' appears in Venetian minutes.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A task or [[m|en|errand]] carried out for someone else, ''su commissione'' “to order”: ''Il pittore lavora solo su commissione.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+ # A [[m|en|commission]] or fee paid to an agent or intermediary, or to a bank for a service.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(often plural)'' Personal errands and small purchases: ''Esco a fare qualche commissione.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Gabrielli 2020)

+ # A [[m|en|committee]] or board entrusted with a task, often a public one: ''commissione d'esame'', ''commissione d'inchiesta''.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Zingarelli 2010)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(commerce)'' An order for goods or work; the document that records it.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+ # ''(law)'' The committing of an offence: ''la commissione del delitto''.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Zingarelli 2010)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[commissionare]]

+ * [[commissionario]]

+ * [[sottocommissione]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[commettere]]

+ * [[commissorio]]

+ * [[commesso]]

+ * [[commissario]]

+ * [[en|commission]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ GRADIT and Treccani treat the sense “committing (of an act)” as a separate headword, from [[la|committō]] in the sense “to carry out”;^(GRADIT 2003)^(Treccani 2011)^(DELI 1999)^(LEI|15, 1521) DELI and the LEI treat it as one word with the rest.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Treccani 2011)^(DELI 1999)^(LEI|15, 1521)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}