riposo Italian · revision 39089

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=late 13th century, Novellino|origins=la-lat pausō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /riˈpɔ.zo/, /riˈpɔ.so/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''riposo''' ''m'' (plural riposi)^(Wiktionary)

+ Old forms include [[roa-oit|ripauso]], [[roa-oit|reposo]], [[roa-oit|repuoso]], [[roa-oit|repuso]], [[roa-oit|riposso]] and [[roa-oit|ripuoso]].^(GDLI|16, 697)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is a noun formed from the verb [[riposare#2|t=to rest]].^(DELI 1999)^(Nocentini 2010)^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto 1968)^(Wiktionary) GRADIT compares [[fr|repos]], recorded about 1080, and Meyer-Lübke lists the Italian and French nouns as derivatives of the Latin verb; the same noun is [[es|reposo]], [[pt|repouso]] and [[ro|repaus]].^(GRADIT 2003)^(REW 1935)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ The verb comes from [[la-lat|repausō]], recorded in the 5th century in Salonius, from [[m|la-lat|pausō|t=to cease, stop]] with the intensive prefix [[m|la|re-]].^(DELI 1999)^(Nocentini 2010) It took the place of classical [[la|requiēscō|t=to rest]].^(DELI 1999) [[m|la-lat|pausō]] is usually derived from [[la|pausa|t=pause]], from [[grc|παῦσις|tr=paûsis|t=cessation]], though DELI notes that some take the noun from the verb instead.^(DELI 1999)^(Nocentini 2010)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The first record is in the ''Novellino'', at the end of the 13th century, for resting, the interruption of work or effort.^(DELI 1999)^(GRADIT 2003) Chiaro Davanzati, in the same century, uses it for relief or comfort.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Dante uses the word for peace in the ''Vita Nuova'' (1293–1294), and in the ''Paradiso'' recalls the old Florence: “vid'io Fiorenza in sì fatto riposo, / che non avea cagione onde piangesse” (“I saw Florence in such peace that she had no cause to weep”).^(DELI 1999)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026) Later senses are “sleep” (Bembo, before 1547) and ''l'eterno riposo'', death, (Brusoni, before 1686), which DELI traces to the Latin prayers for the dead.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ The 19th century added the state of an officer or official retired from active service, ''a riposo'' (1872), and the drill position of soldiers and gymnasts standing at ease (1898).^(DELI 1999) In sport ''riposo'' is the half-time interval, and in cycling a rest day in a stage race.^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * Late 13th century – The ''Novellino'' uses ''riposo'' for rest.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1293–1294 – Dante uses it for peace in the ''Vita Nuova''.^(DELI 1999)

+ * Before 1547 – Pietro Bembo uses it for sleep.^(DELI 1999)

+ * Before 1686 – Girolamo Brusoni uses ''l'eterno riposo'' for death.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1872 – The sense “retirement from active service” is recorded.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1898 – Vittorio Bersezio uses it for the military “at ease”.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # [[m|en|rest]], a break from work or effort: ''Dopo la gita abbiamo bisogno di un po' di riposo.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+ # A regular day or period off work: ''riposo settimanale''.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)

+ # Sleep: ''buon riposo!'', sleep well.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+ # ''(literary)'' Peace, quiet, ''(euphemistic)'' ''l'eterno riposo'', death.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Zingarelli 2010)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+ # Retirement from active service: ''un colonnello a riposo''.^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+ # ''(military)'' The position of standing [[m|en|at ease]], ''Riposo!'', the command for it.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+ # ''(sports)'' The half-time interval.^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[riposino]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[riposante]]

+ * [[riposare]]

+ * [[posare]]

+ * [[pausa]]

+ * [[fr|repos]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Common phrases are ''casa di riposo'' (“old people's home”), ''di tutto riposo'' (“untroubling, undemanding”) and ''senza riposo'' (“tirelessly”).^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)^(GRADIT 2003)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}