trattato Italian · revision 39077

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=1293–1294, Dante|origins=la tractō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /tratˈta.to/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''trattato''' ''m'' (plural trattati)^(Wiktionary)

+ Old Italian also wrote [[m|roa-oit|tractato]], and the GDLI lists northern forms such as [[m|roa-oit|tratado]] and [[m|roa-oit|tratà]].^(GDLI|21, 257)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|la|tractatus|t=handling; treatment; discussion]], a learned word.^(DELI 1999)^(Nocentini 2010)^(GRADIT 2003)^(Zingarelli 2010)^(DEI|3873) The Latin noun is an action noun in [[m|la|-tus]] from [[m|la|tractō|t=to handle, treat]], the same verb that gave [[trattare]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Devoto 1968|451) Körting lists [[fr|traité]] and [[es|tratado]] beside it.^(Körting 1907)

+

+ The past participle of the verb is spelled the same and is used as an adjective, “treated”, but GRADIT and Zingarelli give it a numbered entry of its own.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ DELI's first record is Dante's ''Vita nuova'' (1293–1294), in the sense of a methodical account of a doctrine: Dante declines a subject and leaves ''cotale trattato'' “such a treatment” to another commentator.^(DELI 1999)^(Tommaseo–Bellini 1861) The GDLI quotes Brunetto Latini's ''Rettorica'', in which the author explains why he undertakes this ''trattato'' on fine speaking.^(GDLI|21, 257)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Boccaccio (1348–1353) already uses the word for an agreement reached between parties, from which comes the modern “treaty” in international law; the ''trattato di pace'' is a peace treaty.^(DELI 1999) In older Italian it also meant a section of a book or a canto of a poem, a negotiation, and a plot: DEI dates “conspiracy” to Sercambi in the 15th century.^(Zingarelli 2010)^(DEI|3873) Varchi divided works into books, books into ''trattati'' and these into chapters.^(Tommaseo–Bellini 1861)

+

+ Today the archaic senses have gone, and the word means a systematic written work on a subject or an international agreement.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026) Diminutives such as ''trattatello'' and ''trattatino'', and ''trattatista'' “writer of treatises” (1805), go back to the first sense.^(DEI|3873)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1293–1294 – Dante uses it for a treatment of a subject.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1348–1353 – Boccaccio uses it for an agreement between parties.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 14th century – Passavanti uses it for a written treatise.^(DEI|3873)

+ * 15th century – Sercambi uses it for a conspiracy.^(DEI|3873)

+ * 1805 – ''Trattatista'' is recorded.^(DEI|3873)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|treatise]], a work that sets out a science or subject methodically: ''Ha scritto un trattato di astronomia in tre volumi.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Treccani 2011)

+ # ''(law)'' A [[m|en|treaty]], an agreement between two or more states: ''I due paesi hanno firmato un trattato di amicizia.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+ # ''(archaic)'' A negotiation, the exchange of proposals before an agreement.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Treccani 2011)

+ # ''(archaic)'' A [[congiura|alt=conspiracy]], plot.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+ # ''(archaic)'' A section or canto of a larger work.^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[trattatista]]

+ * [[trattatistica]]

+ * [[trattatistico]]

+ * [[trattatello]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[tratto]]

+ * [[trattare]]

+ * [[trattativa]]

+ * [[la|tractatus]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ A ''trattato aperto'' is a treaty that other states may join later, and a ''trattato chiuso'' one limited to the original parties.^(Zingarelli 2010)^(Treccani 2011) As the past participle of [[trattare]], ''trattato'' also means “treated” with a special process, as of fruit sprayed with pesticides.^(Zingarelli 2010)^(Gabrielli 2020)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}