soccorso Italian · revision 39044

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=late 13th century, Novellino|origins=la succurrō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /sokˈkor.so/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''soccorso''' ''m'' (plural soccorsi)^(Wiktionary)

+ Old and dialect forms include [[m|roa-oit|succursu]], [[m|roa-oit|securso]] and [[m|roa-oit|succurzo]].^(GDLI)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[der|it|soccorrere|t=to help, to rescue]]: the noun is the past participle of the verb used as a noun, formed on the model of [[corso]] beside [[correre]].^(DELI 1999)^(Nocentini 2010)^(Devoto 1968)^(Gabrielli 2020) GRADIT and Wiktionary trace it instead to [[la-med|succursus]], which DELI finds at Torcello in 1290, a few years before the first Italian record.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Wiktionary)^(DELI 1999)

+

+ The verb is [[la|succurrō|t=to run under; to come to the aid of]], formed from [[m|la|currō|t=to run]] with the prefix [[m|la|sub-|t=under]].^(DELI 1999)^(Nocentini 2010) The same verb is [[fr|secourir]], [[oc|secorre]], [[ca|socórrer]], [[es|socorrer]] and [[pt|socorrer]].^(Nocentini 2010) Wiktionary compares the French noun [[m|fr|secours]].^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ DELI's first Italian record is the ''Novellino'' of the late 13th century, for help given to someone in great need or danger.^(DELI 1999)^(GRADIT 2003) Dante calls Virgil the one “who was my help in every need” (''quei che m'era ad ogne uopo soccorso'').^(GRADIT 2003)^(Tommaseo–Bellini 1861)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In Old Italian the word could name the helper as well as the help, a use that survives only in literature, as in Petrarch's ''’l mio fido soccorso'', and a remedy for an ailment.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010) The sense “subsidy, money given as help” is recorded in Tasso (1581), and the military sense of troops and supplies sent to relieve a besieged place in Savonarola, before 1498.^(DELI 1999)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+

+ ''Soccorso di Pisa'', help that comes too late to be any use, is recorded in Berni before 1535; it recalls the aid that the emperor Maximilian promised Pisa, besieged by the Florentines, and never sent.^(DELI 1999)^(Zingarelli 2010) The 19th and 20th centuries brought the organised forms of rescue: ''mutuo soccorso'' among workers, ''pronto soccorso'' “first aid” and “emergency room”, ''soccorso stradale'' and ''soccorso alpino''.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Treccani 2011)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1290 – Medieval Latin ''succursus'' is recorded at Torcello.^(DELI 1999)

+ * Late 13th century – Italian ''soccorso'' appears in the ''Novellino''.^(DELI 1999)

+ * Before 1498 – Savonarola uses the word for military reinforcements.^(DELI 1999)

+ * Before 1535 – Berni uses ''soccorso di Pisa''.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1581 – Tasso uses the word for a subsidy.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # [[m|en|help]], [[m|en|rescue]]: assistance given to someone in danger or in urgent need: ''I vicini sono corsi in soccorso della donna caduta.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+ # What is given or received as help, especially money: ''un piccolo soccorso in denaro''.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+ # ''(chiefly plural)'' The people and vehicles sent to help, the rescuers, ''(military)'' reinforcements and supplies: ''I soccorsi hanno raggiunto il villaggio isolato.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+ # ''(literary)'' A person who comes to one's aid, a helper.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[pronto soccorso]]

+ * [[idrosoccorso]]

+ * [[aerosoccorso]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[soccorrere]]

+ * [[soccorritore]]

+ * [[correre]]

+ * [[corso]]

+ * [[fr|secours]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ ''Pronto soccorso'' is both first aid and the hospital department where it is given.^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)^(Treccani 2011) ''Omissione di soccorso'' is the offence of failing to help a person who is injured or in danger.^(Zingarelli 2010)^(Treccani 2011)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}