stampa Italian · revision 38955

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=before 1321, Dante|origins=frk *stampōn}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /ˈstam.pa/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''stampa''' ''f'' (plural stampe)^(Wiktionary)

+ An old form is ''stanpa'', in Ferraiolo's chronicle of the late 15th century.^(DELI 1999)^(GDLI|20, 56)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is a noun formed from the verb [[stampare|t=to press, print]] without a suffix, as is [[stampo|t=mould]].^(DELI 1999)^(Nocentini 2010)^(GRADIT 2003)^(Wiktionary) Devoto points out that the noun is older than printing, so that it first meant an impressed figure.^(Devoto 1968)

+

+ The verb is [[bor|frk|*stampōn|t=to pound, crush]], related to [[goh|stampfōn]] and modern [[de|stampfen]].^(DELI 1999)^(Nocentini 2010)^(Wiktionary) Wiktionary takes the Frankish verb back to [[gem-pro|*stampōną]].^(Wiktionary) The same Germanic verb gave [[fr|estamper]], [[oc|estampar]], [[ca|estampar]], [[es|estampar]] and [[pt|estampar]].^(Nocentini 2010)^(REW 1935)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ DELI's first record is in Dante, who died in 1321, with the sense “imprint, impression”, and GRADIT dates the word to 1313–1319.^(DELI 1999)^(GRADIT 2003) Before the printing press the word meant any figure pressed into a surface, a mark or impression.^(Devoto 1968)^(DEI)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ With the printing press the word came to name the technique itself: ''stanpa'' in Ferraiolo's chronicle at the end of the 15th century, then ''stampa'' in Leonardo Fioravanti (1583) and Torquato Tasso, who asked a friend to stop the printing of a work.^(DELI 1999)^(Tommaseo–Bellini 1861) Fioravanti praised Venice, where the art of printing flourished thanks to its booksellers.^(Tommaseo–Bellini 1861) By 1574 Giorgio Vasari used ''stampa'' for a print, a picture reproduced from an engraved plate.^(DELI 1999)^(DIFIT) French borrowed this sense as [[fr|estampe]], and German as ''Stampa'' (1728).^(DEI)^(DIFIT)

+

+ ''Dare alla stampa'' “to publish” is recorded in 1586 and ''dare alle stampe'' in 1816.^(DELI 1999) The press in the modern sense, newspapers and periodicals taken together, appears in Tommaseo's dictionary in 1873, and the journalists as a body in Petrocchi's in 1891.^(DELI 1999) ''Libertà della stampa'' is found in Tuscan decrees of 1743, ''stampa gialla'' “the yellow press” in 1905 and ''stampa rosa'' for romantic magazines in 1965.^(DELI 1999) DEI notes that ''buona'' and ''cattiva stampa'' “good, bad press” translate French ''bonne'' and ''mauvaise presse''.^(DEI) The 20th century added photographic and film prints (1940) and printed designs on cloth (1922), and in Umbria ''stampa'' is the holy-water stoup.^(DELI 1999)^(DEI)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1313–1319 – GRADIT's date for the first record.^(GRADIT 2003)

+ * Before 1321 – Dante uses ''stampa'' for an imprint.^(DELI 1999)

+ * Late 15th century – ''Stanpa'' names printing in Ferraiolo's chronicle.^(DELI 1999)

+ * Before 1574 – Giorgio Vasari uses the word for a print of an engraving.^(DELI 1999)^(DIFIT)

+ * 1586 – ''Dare alla stampa'' “to publish” is recorded.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1728 – German ''Stampa'' “print” is first recorded.^(DIFIT)

+ * 1743 – ''Libertà della stampa'' appears in Tuscan decrees.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1873 – Tommaseo's dictionary records the sense “newspapers and periodicals”.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1891 – Petrocchi records the sense “journalists”.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1905 – ''Stampa gialla'' is recorded.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # [[m|en|printing]]: the technique of reproducing text or pictures in many identical copies from a [[m|en|matrix]], and the work of doing it: ''Il romanzo è in corso di stampa.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+ # The result of printing, the quality of the printed page: ''La stampa di questa edizione è molto chiara.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Zingarelli 2010)^(Gabrielli 2020)

+ # Printing out the contents of a file on a [[stampante|alt=printer]].^(GRADIT 2003)

+ # The [[m|en|press]]: newspapers and periodicals taken together: ''la stampa locale''.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+ # Journalists as a body: ''Il ministro non ha voluto parlare con la stampa.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Zingarelli 2010)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+ # ''(usually plural)'' Printed matter, especially as sent by post.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Zingarelli 2010)^(Treccani 2011)

+ # A [[m|en|print]], a picture reproduced from an engraved plate: ''una stampa antica di Venezia''.^(GRADIT 2003)^(DELI 1999)

+ # ''(photography, cinema)'' Printing an image from a negative, and the print obtained.^(DELI 1999)^(GRADIT 2003)

+ # ''(textiles)'' A design printed on cloth.^(DELI 1999)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+

+ ===Adjective===

+ # ''(invariable, after a noun)'' For the press, for journalists: ''conferenza stampa'', ''ufficio stampa'', ''sala stampa''.^(DELI 1999)^(GRADIT 2003)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[stampone]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[stampare]]

+ * [[stampo]]

+ * [[stampante]]

+ * [[fr|estampe]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Fixed phrases include ''dare alle stampe'' “to publish”, ''libertà di stampa'' “freedom of the press”, ''errore di stampa'' “misprint” and ''fresco di stampa'' “hot off the press”.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Zingarelli 2010)^(Treccani 2011) DEI records a separate Tuscan ''stampa'' “stuffed decoy duck” used in wildfowling.^(DEI|3617)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}