accompagnare Italian · revision 38933

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=early 13th century, Uguccione da Lodi|origins=la-lat companio}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /ak.kom.paɲˈɲa.re/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''accompagnare''' (first-person singular present accompàgno, first-person singular past historic accompagnài, past participle accompagnàto, auxiliary avére)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|it|a-|compagno|-are|t2=companion]], a verb formed on the noun with a prefix and a verb ending at the same time.^(DELI 1999)^(Nocentini 2010)^(GRADIT 2003)^(Wiktionary) DEI, GRADIT and GDLI compare [[fr|accompagner]], recorded from the 12th century.^(DEI)^(GRADIT 2003)^(GDLI)

+

+ [[compagno|alt=Compagno]] goes back to [[la-lat|companio|t=companion]], which the LEI takes, with [[m|la-lat|companium|t=company]], from the Salic law of the 6th century, the only place both are recorded.^(LEI|16, 187) The older view saw in them a calque of a Gothic word for the soldiers who shared their bread in the Germanic armies; the LEI follows Bork in rejecting it and in deriving the words from Late Latin [[m|la|com-]] and [[m|la|pānis|t=bread]].^(LEI|16, 187)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The TLIO's first record is the ''Libro'' of Uguccione da Lodi, in the dialect of Cremona, at the beginning of the 13th century.^(TLIO)^(Nocentini 2010) DELI's first dates are from Dante's ''Vita nuova'' (1293–1294), in the senses “to go with someone to keep them company, honour or protect them” and “to put together, join”.^(DELI 1999) The reflexive “to join someone on the way” is in the ''Novellino'' at the end of the 13th century.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In Old Italian the verb also meant to give someone as a companion, to marry, and of rivers to flow together.^(TLIO) Dante has Rome call on the emperor: ''Cesare mio, perché non m'accompagne?'' (“My Caesar, why do you not stay with me?”).^(GDLI) Following the dead to church or to the grave was ''accompagnare i morti''.^(GDLI)

+

+ The musical sense, playing or singing in support of another voice, dates from Agnolo Firenzuola (1518–1525), and ''accompagnamento'' for the secondary parts of a piece from 1635.^(DELI 1999) In the 18th century grammarians made compounds such as ''accompagnanome'' for the indefinite article and ''accompagnaverbo'' for the adverb.^(DEI) In sport the verb is used in boxing for following through or riding a punch, and in football for steering the ball into the net from close range.^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010) Modern Greek borrowed the verb.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * Early 13th century – Uguccione da Lodi uses the verb.^(TLIO)

+ * Before 1294 – Guittone d'Arezzo uses ''accompagnamento''.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1293–1294 – Dante uses ''accompagnare'' in the ''Vita nuova''.^(DELI 1999)

+ * Before 1406 – Francesco da Buti uses ''accompagnatore''.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1518–1525 – Agnolo Firenzuola uses the verb in music.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1635 – Giovanni Battista Doni uses ''accompagnamento'' in music.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1772 – ''Accompagnatore'' “accompanist” is recorded.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|accompany]], go with someone to keep them company, protect them or show courtesy: ''Stasera ti accompagno io alla stazione.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To [[m|en|escort]].^(GRADIT 2003)^(Zingarelli 2010) ''Accompagnare un defunto'' is to follow the coffin at a funeral.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+ # ''(figurative)'' To follow with the eyes or the thoughts.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026) ''Accompagnare la porta'' is to guide a door with the hand so that it does not slam.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Treccani 2011)

+ # To combine, match: ''Ha accompagnato i fiori con un biglietto.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+ # ''(music)'' To play an accompaniment for a singer or another instrument.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+ # ''(sport)'' In boxing, to follow through a punch, or to ride an opponent's punch by moving back.^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+ # ''(pronominal, accompagnarsi)'' To join someone, go along with them.^(Zingarelli 2010)^(Treccani 2011) Of things, to go well together: ''Questo vino si accompagna bene al pesce.''^(Zingarelli 2010)^(Treccani 2011)^(Gabrielli 2020)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[accompagnamento]]

+ * [[accompagnatore]]

+ * [[accompagnatorio]]

+ * [[accompagnato]]

+ * [[riaccompagnare]]

+ * [[raccompagnare]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[compagno]]

+ * [[compagnia]]

+ * [[fr|accompagner]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}