valore Italian · revision 38905

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=before 1294, Guittone d'Arezzo|origins=ine-pro *h₂welh₁-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /vaˈlo.re/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''valore'''^(Wiktionary)

+ Old and dialect forms include ''vallore'', ''valori'' and ''valuri''.^(GDLI|21, 642) Guittone uses the word as a feminine, after Occitan.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|la-lat|valor|t=worth, value]], a noun formed from [[la|valeō|t=to be strong; to be worth]].^(DELI 1999)^(Nocentini 2010)^(GRADIT 2003)^(Wiktionary) DEI and the GDLI call it a learned word;^(DEI|3983)^(GDLI|21, 642) DEI adds that the Late Latin noun, found in the glosses, rendered [[grc|τιμή|tr=timḗ|t=honour; price]] and took over from [[m|la|virtūs]], which had narrowed to moral worth.^(DEI|3983)^(GDLI|21, 642) Wiktionary compares the classical [[m|la|valētūdō]].^(Wiktionary) DEI and Korting set it beside [[fr|valeur]], [[fro|valour]] in the 12th century, and the same word is [[oc|valor]], [[ca|valor]], [[es|valor]] and [[pt|valor]].^(DEI|3983)^(Nocentini 2010)^(Körting 1907)

+

+ The Latin verb continues [[itc-pro|*walēō]], from [[ine-pro|*h₂welh₁-|t=to be strong]]; its relatives include [[got|𐍅𐌰𐌻𐌳𐌰𐌽|tr=waldan|t=to rule]] and [[lt|valdýti|t=to rule, govern]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ GRADIT dates the first record before 1294;^(GRADIT 2003)^(DELI 1999) DELI finds the word, used as a feminine in the Occitan way, in Guittone d'Arezzo.^(GRADIT 2003)^(DELI 1999) In the poetry of the Sicilian school it named the excellence of a person, above all the beloved lady: Giacomo da Lentini writes ''Vostro valuri adorna ed invia donne e donzelli'', “your worth adorns and guides ladies and young men”.^(GDLI|21, 642)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ For Dante the word is a key term, the worth of a person in moral, intellectual and courtly qualities, and he discusses its meanings in the ''Convivio''.^(DELI 1999) He also uses it for price and worth, and calls God the ''eterno Valore''.^(DELI 1999)^(Tommaseo–Bellini 1861) Boccaccio adds the sense “courage in arms”, the source of the modern ''valor militare'' and ''valor civile'' and of the derivative ''valoroso''.^(DELI 1999)^(Nocentini 2010)

+

+ Grammar and music took the word in the 16th century: Zarlino uses it for the length of a note (before 1590), and Tasso for the meaning of a word.^(DELI 1999) This musical sense passed into French as ''valeur'' (1703) and into German as ''Valore'' (1732).^(DIFIT) In the 19th century ''valori'' came to mean securities (1867), whence ''borsa valori''; mathematics and science use it for the number that measures a quantity.^(DELI 1999) The plural ''valori'' “ideals, what is held true, good or beautiful” is recorded in Zingarelli's dictionary of 1922.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * Before 1294 – Guittone d'Arezzo uses ''valore'', as a feminine.^(DELI 1999)^(GRADIT 2003)

+ * 1304–1308 – Dante makes it a key term of the ''Convivio''.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1348–1353 – Boccaccio uses it for courage.^(DELI 1999)

+ * Before 1590 – Zarlino uses it for the length of a note.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1703 – French ''valeur'' takes over the musical sense.^(DIFIT)

+ * 1812 – The sense “weight, purity and colour of a gem” is recorded.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1867 – ''Valori'' “securities” appears in the Verona paper ''L'Arena''.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1922 – Zingarelli records ''valori'' as moral ideals.^(DELI 1999)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # [[m|en|value]], the worth of a thing in money; price: ''Questa casa ha perso valore negli ultimi anni.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Zingarelli 2010)^(Gabrielli 2020)

+ # ''(economics)'' The property of a good that makes it exchangeable or useful: ''valore d'uso'', ''valore di scambio''.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Treccani 2011)

+ # ''(plural)'' Securities; valuables, jewellery: ''borsa valori''.^(GRADIT 2003)^(DELI 1999)

+ # Merit, the moral, intellectual or professional qualities of a person: ''un architetto di valore''.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+ # [[m|en|courage]], bravery: ''medaglia al valor militare''.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Zingarelli 2010)^(Treccani 2011)

+ # ''(literary)'' Virtue.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+ # Importance, significance; validity: ''Quella lettera ha per lei un grande valore.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Gabrielli 2020)

+ # ''(plural)'' The ideals and principles regarded as the foundation of life and society: ''valori civili''.^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(DELI 1999)

+ # ''(mathematics, science)'' The number expressing a quantity: ''valore assoluto''.^(DELI 1999)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+ # ''(music)'' The length of a note or rest.^(DELI 1999)^(DIFIT)

+ # ''(linguistics)'' Meaning, function of a word.^(Gabrielli 2020)^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[valoroso]]

+ * [[valorizzare]]

+ * [[valorizzazione]]

+ * [[avvalorare]]

+ * [[controvalore]]

+ * [[disvalore]]

+ * [[valoriale]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[valere]]

+ * [[valido]]

+ * [[valuta]]

+ * [[la|valeo]]

+ * [[fr|valeur]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Wiktionary also records ''valore di'' as an adverbial phrase, “as much as, as many as”.^(Wiktionary) The Latin phrase ''ad valorem'', of customs duties charged on the declared value, is recorded in Italian in 1872.^(DEI|3983)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}