scomparire Italian · revision 38904

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=1627, Tommaso Stigliani|origins=la pāreō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /skom.paˈri.re/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''scomparire''' (first-person singular present scompàio, first-person singular past historic scompàrvi, past participle scompàrso, auxiliary èssere)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|it|s-|comparire|t2=to appear]], with the prefix in its privative sense, as the opposite of [[comparire]].^(DELI 1999)^(Nocentini 2010)^(GRADIT 2003)^(Wiktionary) Battaglia traces the prefix to [[m|la|ex-]].^(GDLI) Devoto explains the verb as a cross of [[sparire]] and [[m|it|comparire]].^(Devoto 1968|395) Wiktionary compares [[scn|scumpàrriri]].^(Wiktionary)

+

+ The base verb continues [[la|compāreō|t=to appear, be visible]], from [[m|la|pāreō|t=to appear]] with [[m|la|com-]].^(DELI 1999)^(Nocentini 2010) Its forms mixed with those of an inchoative [[la-vul|*compārēscō|alt=*comparescere]], which also explains the double conjugation of the derived verb.^(Nocentini 2010)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ DELI's first record is from 1627, in Tommaso Stigliani, in the sense “to cut a poor figure, not to stand out”.^(DELI 1999)^(Zingarelli 2010) DEI dates the verb to the 17th century, in Redi and Salvini.^(DEI|3411)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The sense “to lose worth beside something else” is the old one: a Tuscan prose text quoted by Tommaseo says of a sonnet that, having first made some show, it “è scomparito, e quasi ridotto al niente” (has paled, and is almost reduced to nothing).^(Tommaseo–Bellini 1861) GRADIT dates a sense of the verb to 1715.^(GRADIT 2003)

+

+ The sense “to vanish from sight” is first recorded in 1800, in a Milanese printed text, and the participle ''scomparso'' “no longer present or visible” in 1793, in Lorenzo Mascheroni.^(DELI 1999) The noun ''scomparsa'' “disappearance” followed in 1842, and its euphemistic sense “death” in 1940; the verb is used in the same way of a person who has died.^(DELI 1999)^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026) In modern Italian “disappear” is by far the main sense, and ''scomparire'' is a basic word.^(GRADIT 2003)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1627 – Tommaso Stigliani uses the verb for cutting a poor figure.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1715 – GRADIT's first date for the verb.^(GRADIT 2003)

+ * 1793 – Lorenzo Mascheroni uses ''scomparso'' “vanished”.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1800 – The sense “to vanish from sight” is recorded in a Milanese text.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1842 – The noun ''scomparsa'' is recorded.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1940 – ''Scomparsa'' in the sense “death” is recorded.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|disappear]], to [[m|en|vanish]] from sight (of a person or thing): ''Il gatto è scomparso sotto il divano.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+ # To go missing, to leave no trace: ''Da allora è scomparso dalla circolazione.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Treccani 2011)

+ # ''(euphemistic)'' To [[m|en|die]], to pass away.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+ # To be lost, to be nowhere to be found (of an object).^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)

+ # To fall out of use, to die out; to become [[m|en|extinct]] (of a custom, a species).^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+ # To pass, to stop (of a fever, a pain).^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+ # ''(figurative)'' Not to stand out, to look poor beside something else: ''Accanto a quel lampadario il nostro scompare.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+ # ''(figurative)'' To cut a poor [[m|en|figure]], not to bear comparison with others.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Treccani 2011)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[scomparsa]]

+ * [[scomparso]]

+ * [[riscomparire]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[comparire]]

+ * [[sparire]]

+ * [[apparire]]

+ * [[la|compareo]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ The verb has two conjugations.^(Zingarelli 2010)^(Treccani 2011) In the sense “to disappear” it is usually ''scompaio'', ''scomparvi'', ''scomparso''; in the sense “to cut a poor figure” the forms ''scomparisco'', ''scomparii'', ''scomparito'' are preferred.^(Zingarelli 2010)^(Treccani 2011)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Wiktionary) The auxiliary is ''essere''.^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}