raccogliere Italian · revision 38897

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=before 1292, Bono Giamboni|origins=la colligō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /rakˈkɔʎ.ʎe.re/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''raccogliere''' (first-person singular present raccòlgo, first-person singular past historic raccòlsi, past participle raccòlto, auxiliary avére)^(Wiktionary)

+ The literary and regional form is [[raccorre]].^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Wiktionary) Old Florentine used only ''ricogliere''.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is an Italian formation from [[accogliere]] “to gather” with the prefix [[ri-]], meaning “gather again” or “keep gathering”;^(DELI 1999)^(Nocentini 2010)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Treccani 2011) DELI also allows a form [[la-vul|*accolligō]] reinforced with [[m|la|re-]], following the LEI.^(DELI 1999)^(LEI|1, 294) Speakers have long felt it as [[cogliere]] with the prefix [[ra-]]: Bembo already lists it among words that double the consonant after this prefix.^(DELI 1999)^(GRADIT 2003)

+

+ Wiktionary and Meyer-Lübke derive it instead from [[la|recolligō|t=to gather up again]], influenced by the Italian verb for “to gather”.^(Wiktionary)^(REW 1935) That Latin verb gave [[fr|recueillir]], [[oc|recolhir]], [[ca|recollir]], [[es|recoger]] and [[pt|recolher]].^(REW 1935) That Italian verb itself continues [[m|la-vul|*accolligō]], from [[m|la|ad-]] and [[m|la|colligō|t=to gather]].^(LEI|1, 294)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ DELI's earliest dated sense is “to bring together, gather” in Bono Giamboni's ''Libro de' vizî e delle virtudi'' (before 1292); the variant ''ricogliere'' “to pick up from the ground” is in the ''Novellino'' at the end of the 13th century.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Dante alternates ''raccogliere'' and ''ricogliere'', and uses the reflexive for “to turn one's mind” and the pronominal for “to gather round someone”.^(DELI 1999) Boccaccio has the form ''raccogliere'' for “to pick up” and for “to welcome” (1348–1353), and Cavalca uses it for gathering the fruits of the earth (before 1342).^(DELI 1999) Collecting objects, as in a collection of coins, appears in the 16th century.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ The derived nouns came later: ''raccolta'' “harvest; collection” (1572), whence [[fr|récolte]], and ''raccolto'' “crop” (16th century).^(DELI 1999)^(REW 1935) The proverb ''chi semina vento raccoglie tempesta'', “who sows the wind reaps the storm”, uses the agricultural sense.^(Treccani 2011) English ''recoil'' may have been borrowed once from it, in 1632.^(DIFIT)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * Before 1292 – Bono Giamboni uses ''raccogliere'' “to gather”.^(DELI 1999)^(GRADIT 2003)

+ * Late 13th century – ''Ricogliere'' “to pick up” appears in the ''Novellino''.^(DELI 1999)

+ * Before 1342 – Cavalca uses it for harvesting.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1348–1353 – Boccaccio uses the form ''raccogliere''.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 16th century – The sense “to collect” is recorded.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1572 – ''Raccolta'' is recorded.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|pick up]] from the ground: ''Si chinò a raccogliere le chiavi.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+ # To [[m|en|harvest]], pick fruit or crops: ''raccogliere le olive''.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To gather, bring together; to raise money; to collect information: ''raccogliere firme per una petizione''.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Treccani 2011)

+ # To [[m|en|collect]] as a hobby: ''Raccoglie cartoline d'epoca.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+ # To gather texts into a volume or anthology; to sum up in a few points.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+ # To receive, obtain (praise, success, votes): ''Il film ha raccolto ottime critiche.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+ # To accept, take up (an invitation, a challenge, a hint).^(GRADIT 2003)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+ # To take in, shelter people or animals in need.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Treccani 2011)

+ # To gather up, fold: ''raccogliere le vele'', ''raccogliere i capelli''.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+ # ''raccogliersi'': to gather (of people); to concentrate one's thoughts.^(DELI 1999)^(Treccani 2011)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[raccolta]]

+ * [[raccolto]]

+ * [[raccoglimento]]

+ * [[raccoglitore]]

+ * [[raccoglitrice]]

+ * [[raccogliticcio]]

+ * [[raccoglitura]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[accogliere]]

+ * [[cogliere]]

+ * [[la|recolligo]]

+ * [[fr|recueillir]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Fixed phrases include ''raccogliere il guanto'' “to take up the challenge”, ''raccogliere le idee'' “to collect one's thoughts” and ''raccogliere col cucchiaino'' “to scrape up someone in a bad state”.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Zingarelli 2010)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}