riempire Italian · revision 38850

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=before 1292, Bono Giamboni (as riempiere)|origins=la impleō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /ri.emˈpi.re/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''riempire''' (first-person singular present riémpio, first-person singular past historic riempìi or (less common) riempiéi, past participle riempìto or (less common) riempiùto, auxiliary avére)^(Wiktionary)

+ The older and literary infinitive is ''riempiere'', the only form in Giamboni;^(DELI 1999)^(Devoto–Oli 2026) ''riempire'' was recorded in 1804 as “a word of use”, and in 1831 Lissoni still objected to it.^(DELI 1999)^(Devoto–Oli 2026) Old forms include ''rempire'', ''riémpere'', ''rìmpiere'' and ''rimpire''.^(GDLI)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|it|ri-|empire|t2=to fill]].^(DELI 1999)^(Nocentini 2010)^(GRADIT 2003)^(Wiktionary) DELI sees in the prefix both the repetitive and the intensive [[ri-]], and the GDLI traces it to the intensive [[la|re-]].^(DELI 1999)^(GDLI) The base verb continues [[la|impleō|t=to fill]].^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Bono Giamboni's ''Libro de' Vizi e delle Virtudi'', before 1292, has ''riempiere'' in the sense of making something completely full, and also the reflexive use for eating too much.^(DELI 1999) The intransitive ''riempiersi'', to become full, follows about 1340 in the Italian translation of Palladius.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The old translations of Livy and Josephus use the verb for filling ditches and valleys, and Boccaccio for a storm that filled the sky with clouds; the figurative senses, filling someone with joy or the heart with grief, were there from early on.^(GDLI)^(Tommaseo–Bellini 1861) Tommaseo still defined it first as filling again, and Gabrielli keeps that sense as rare.^(Tommaseo–Bellini 1861)^(Gabrielli 2020)

+

+ A new sense came with bureaucracy: filling in forms and records, recorded in 1891 by Petrocchi.^(DELI 1999)^(Zingarelli 2010) Phrases include ''riempire la testa'', to stuff someone's head with talk or false ideas, and ''riempirsi la bocca'', to speak with self-satisfied grandiloquence.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * Before 1292 – Bono Giamboni uses ''riempiere''.^(DELI 1999)^(GRADIT 2003)

+ * c. 1340 – The intransitive ''riempiersi'' appears in the translation of Palladius.^(DELI 1999)

+ * c. 1350 – The noun ''riempimento'' is recorded.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1804 – D'Alberti records ''riempire'' as a word of current use.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1891 – Petrocchi records the sense “to fill in a form”.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To make full, [[m|en|fill]] up: ''Ho riempito la caraffa d'acqua.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+ # To [[m|en|stuff]] food with a filling: ''Riempi i peperoni di riso.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+ # Of a crowd, to fill a space completely: ''I tifosi riempivano lo stadio.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+ # Of a smell or smoke, to spread through a room.^(GRADIT 2003)

+ # Used without an object, to be filling, to satisfy hunger: ''Il pane riempie.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Treccani 2011)

+ # To fill in a form or document: ''Devi riempire questa scheda.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+ # ''(figurative)'' To fill someone with gifts, or with blows and insults: ''Lo hanno riempito di botte.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+ # ''(figurative)'' To fill with a strong feeling: ''La notizia ci ha riempito di speranza.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Gabrielli 2020)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+ # To occupy time with satisfying activity.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Gabrielli 2020)

+ # ''(reflexive, informal)'' To eat too much, stuff oneself.^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)^(Gabrielli 2020)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[riempimento]]

+ * [[riempitivo]]

+ * [[riempitore]]

+ * [[riempitura]]

+ * [[riempibile]]

+ * [[riempitrice]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[empire]]

+ * [[pieno]]

+ * [[la|impleō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}