rivelare Italian · revision 38829

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=before 1306, Jacopone da Todi|origins=la vēlum}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /ri.veˈla.re/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''rivelare''' (first-person singular present rivélo or rivèlo, first-person singular past historic rivelài, past participle rivelàto, auxiliary avére)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|la|revēlō|alt=revēlāre|t=to unveil, to reveal]], a learned word.^(DELI 1999)^(Nocentini 2010)^(GRADIT 2003)^(Wiktionary) The Latin verb is formed from [[m|la|vēlō|t=to cover, veil]], from [[m|la|vēlum|t=veil, curtain]], with the prefix [[m|la|re-]] of reversed movement, so that it meant “to take the veil off”.^(DELI 1999)^(Nocentini 2010)^(Devoto 1968)^(GDLI) Devoto explains the Italian [[ri-]] as a replacement of the Latin prefix by the Italian one, and the old form [[roa-oit|revelare]] keeps the Latin vowel.^(Devoto 1968)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Treccani 2011) The same verb is [[fr|révéler]] and [[es|revelar]].^(Nocentini 2010)^(Körting 1907)

+

+ DELI stresses that the word came through the Latin of the Church, in the narrow sense of the disclosure of divine truth, and spread together with [[m|la|revēlātiō]], which in Lactantius rendered [[grc|ἀποκάλυψις|tr=apokálupsis]], and [[m|la|revēlātor]].^(DELI 1999)^(Nocentini 2010)

+

+ For [[m|la|vēlum]] de Vaan reconstructs [[itc-pro|*wekslo-]], perhaps from [[ine-pro|*weg-|t=to weave]], and mentions a proposal that it continues two older forms, one of them from [[ine-pro|*wes-|t=to clothe]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Nocentini dates the word to the beginning of the 13th century.^(Nocentini 2010) DELI's first record of the religious sense, God revealing the truth to man, is Jacopone da Todi (before 1306): asking a dead friar whether he is in glory or in torment, the poet says that God has not revealed it to him (''no lo m'ha Deo revelato'').^(DELI 1999)^(GDLI)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Dante used the verb in the wider sense “to make manifest” in the ''Paradiso'' (1313–1319), and Boccaccio for telling openly what is hidden or unknown (1348–1353).^(DELI 1999) The noun ''rivelazione'' named God's revelation to man before 1294, in Brunetto Latini, and ''rivelatore'' a person who reveals before 1342.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ In the 20th century the verb and its family entered science and technology: ''rivelatore'' named an instrument that detects physical phenomena (1907), a component that separates a signal from its carrier wave (1939–1940), and a photographic developer (1932).^(DELI 1999) The verb's sense “to make perceptible phenomena that the senses cannot observe” is recorded in 1959, and the reflexive ''rivelarsi'', “to prove to be”, in 1839.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * Beginning of the 13th century – The verb is recorded.^(Nocentini 2010)

+ * Before 1294 – Brunetto Latini uses ''rivelazione'' for divine revelation.^(DELI 1999)

+ * Before 1306 – Jacopone da Todi uses ''revelare'' for God's revealing.^(DELI 1999)^(GDLI)

+ * 1313–1319 – Dante uses it for “to make manifest”.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1348–1353 – Boccaccio uses it for disclosing a secret.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1839 – Reflexive ''rivelarsi'' “to show oneself, prove”.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1907 – ''Rivelatore'' names a detecting instrument.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|reveal]], disclose something secret or unknown: ''Non volle rivelare dove aveva nascosto la chiave.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+ # To show clearly, betray: ''Il tono della voce rivelava la sua paura.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+ # ''(science, technology)'' To [[m|en|detect]], make observable something not perceptible to the senses.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Treccani 2011)

+ # ''(religion)'' Of God, to make known a truth to mankind.^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+

+ ===Verb (reflexive: rivelarsi)===

+ # To show oneself, to [[m|en|prove]] to be: ''L'impresa si rivelò più difficile del previsto.''^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)^(Treccani 2011)

+ # ''(religion)'' Of a deity, to make itself known.^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Treccani 2011)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[rivelatore]]

+ * [[rivelazione]]

+ * [[rivelabile]]

+ * [[rivelatorio]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[velo]]

+ * [[svelare]]

+ * [[la|revelo]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ The stressed vowel of ''rivelo'' is given as closed, with an open variant.^(Zingarelli 2010)^(Wiktionary) Wiktionary also lists two rare homographs formed in Italian from ''ri-'' and ''velare'': one meaning “to veil again”, the other “to fit with sails again”.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}