direttamente Italian · revision 38823

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=before 1642|origins=la dīrigō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /di.ret.taˈmen.te/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|it|diretto|-mente]], from the adjective “direct” and the adverb-forming suffix.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Treccani 2011)^(Wiktionary)^(Wikizionario) The adjective continues [[la|dīrēctus|t=straight; direct]], the past participle of [[m|la|dīrigō|t=to direct, to set straight]].^(LEI|2, 588) The LEI notes that the popular Italian forms of the same word, such as [[diritto]], have a stressed /i/ that probably goes back to a variant [[la|*dīrīctus]], while the Romance relatives start from the long /eː/: [[fr|droit]], [[ro|drept]], [[es|derecho]] and [[pt|direito]].^(LEI|2, 588) The old adverb built on that form, [[roa-oit|dirittamente]], is where the TLIO files the modern word.^(TLIO)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ GRADIT dates ''direttamente'' to before 1642 and Devoto–Oli to the first half of the 17th century.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026) The GDLI's first quotation is from Galileo: the part of a comet that lies “directly” between the Sun and us looks brighter, in the sense “in a straight line”.^(GDLI|4, 532)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Tommaseo–Bellini gave “in a straight line” as the first sense and “outright, straight away” as the second, quoting Redi on poultices that “go directly to attack” the vital parts.^(Tommaseo–Bellini 1861) Later writers such as Manzoni and Carlo Levi kept the physical sense of a path that heads straight at something.^(GDLI|4, 532) Modern Italian uses the word above all for going somewhere without stops or detours, for dealing with someone without intermediaries, and for speaking openly.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Treccani 2011) In mathematics ''direttamente proporzionale'' is the opposite of ''inversamente''.^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Treccani 2011)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * Before 1642 – Galileo uses ''direttamente'' “in a straight line”.^(GRADIT 2003)^(GDLI|4, 532)

+ * Second half of 17th century – Redi uses it for “straight away, outright”.^(Tommaseo–Bellini 1861)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adverb===

+ # [[m|en|directly]], straight, without stops or detours: ''Dopo la partita torno direttamente a casa.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Treccani 2011)

+ # Without intermediaries, in person: ''Ne parlerò direttamente con il direttore.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Treccani 2011)

+ # Openly, frankly: ''Gliel'ha detto direttamente.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)

+ # ''(mathematics)'' In direct ratio, as opposed to [[inversamente]]: ''due grandezze direttamente proporzionali''.^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Treccani 2011)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[diretto]]

+ * [[diritto]]

+ * [[dirigere]]

+ * [[la|dīrēctus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}