proprietario Italian · revision 38812

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=14th century, Trattato dei peccati|origins=la proprietās}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /pro.prjeˈta.rjo/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''proprietario''' ''m'' (plural proprietari, feminine proprietaria)^(Wiktionary)

+ The popular form [[propietario]] is old and is still used in popular speech.^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Treccani 2011)^(GDLI)^(Tommaseo–Bellini 1861)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|la-lat|proprietārius|t=owner]], a learned word formed from [[la|proprietās|t=property, ownership]] with the suffix [[m|la|-ārius]].^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Nocentini 2010)^(Zingarelli 2010)^(Wiktionary) In Roman law the word named the owner of a thing as opposed to one who held only its use and fruits.^(OLD 2012)^(Tommaseo–Bellini 1861)

+

+ The dictionaries disagree on the date: DELI gives the 14th century, from the “Trattato dei peccati”, and GRADIT and Devoto–Oli the end of the 14th century, while Nocentini dates it to the end of the 15th.^(DELI 1999)^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Nocentini 2010) DELI notes that the example from Jacopone da Todi quoted by the Crusca and by Tommaseo comes from apocryphal lauds printed at Venice in 1617.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ In the ''Trattato dei peccati'' the word is used of members of religious orders who own property although they have vowed to live without anything of their own: ''Quelli di religione che son propietari ed hanno botato di vivere sanza proprio''.^(GDLI)^(Tommaseo–Bellini 1861) This disapproving use, against the vow of poverty, recurs in Giovanni Dominici and in Bandello.^(GDLI)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Beside its religious use the word soon had the general sense “one who owns something”, and Tommaseo records ''legittimo proprietario'' and the contrast between the owner and the usufructuary.^(GDLI)^(Tommaseo–Bellini 1861) Used absolutely it named a person living on property, as opposed to one who lives by his work or a salary.^(Tommaseo–Bellini 1861) In the 18th century a ''proprietario'' was also an officer given command of a regiment as an honour, without the duty of serving with it.^(Zingarelli 2010)^(Gabrielli 2020)

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+ As an adjective the word means “relating to property” (''diritti proprietari'').^(Zingarelli 2010)^(Devoto–Oli 2026) In computing it describes a product offered as a standard of its own by the company that makes it and holds its rights, a sense that the GDLI added in its 2009 supplement.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(GDLI)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 14th century – The ''Trattato dei peccati'' uses ''propietari'' of monks who own property.^(DELI 1999)^(GDLI)

+ * End of the 15th century – Nocentini's date for the word.^(Nocentini 2010)

+ * 1617 – Lauds attributed to Jacopone da Todi, printed at Venice, use ''proprietario''.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 18th century – ''Proprietario'' names the honorary commander of a regiment.^(Zingarelli 2010)^(Gabrielli 2020)

+ * 2009 – The GDLI supplement records the computing sense.^(GDLI)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # [[m|en|owner]], [[m|en|proprietor]]: one who has the ownership of a thing: ''Il proprietario del negozio abita al piano di sopra.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Treccani 2011)

+ # ''(absolute)'' A [[possidente|alt=property owner]], one who owns land, buildings or a business: ''proprietario terriero''.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+ # ''(history)'' In the 18th century, an honorary commander of a regiment, without the duty of personal service.^(Zingarelli 2010)^(Gabrielli 2020)

+

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Owning; relating to ownership: ''la società proprietaria dell'edificio''.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+ # ''(computing)'' [[m|en|proprietary]]: developed with technology owned exclusively by its maker, not based on a common standard.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[comproprietario]]

+ * [[proprietariato]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[proprietà]]

+ * [[proprio]]

+ * [[la|proprietas]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ In the sense “owner” the word is close to [[padrone]], and in the sense “landowner” to [[possidente]].^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}