rinunciare Italian · revision 38785

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=first half of the 13th century, Rainerio da Perugia (translation)|origins=la nūntius}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /ri.nunˈt͡ʃa.re/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''rinunciare''' (first-person singular present rinùncio, first-person singular past historic rinunciài, past participle rinunciàto, auxiliary avére)^(Wiktionary)

+ The variant [[rinunziare]] is used in elevated style; older forms are [[roa-oit|renunciare]] and [[roa-oit|renunziare]].^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Gabrielli 2020)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is a learned borrowing, [[bor|la|renūntiō|t=to report back; to renounce]].^(DELI 1999)^(Nocentini 2010)^(GRADIT 2003)^(Wiktionary) The Latin verb is [[m|la|nūntiō|t=to announce]] with the prefix [[m|la|re-]] and first meant “to announce in reply”; only through Church usage, in baptismal formulas renouncing the devil and sin, did it take the sense “to refuse, give up”, with the prefix now marking a contrary action.^(DELI 1999)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026) The same verb is [[fr|renoncer]] and [[es|renunciar]].^(Nocentini 2010)

+

+ The base [[m|la|nūntius|t=messenger; message]] probably goes back to an older form with -ou-, but its further origin is unclear: it has been derived from [[ine-pro|*neuH-|t=to cry out]] and, from [[la|novus|t=new]], though the second is hard to justify morphologically.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ DELI's first record is in a translation of Rainerio da Perugia from the first half of the 13th century, with the legal sense of voluntarily refusing something one owns or has a right to.^(DELI 1999) Zingarelli dates the word to 1268.^(Zingarelli 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Dante wrote ''rinonciare'', a Latinism not rare in Old Italian.^(DELI 1999) The old language also used the verb for “to announce, report”, as in the ''Novellino'': “andaro gli ambasciatori, e rinunciaro e raccontaro ciò ch'aveano veduto e udito”, the ambassadors went and reported and told what they had seen and heard.^(Treccani 2011)^(Devoto–Oli 2026) The sense “to decide not to do something” is recorded from Giovanni Ambrogio Marini (before 1677).^(DELI 1999)

+

+ The noun ''rinunzia'' appears in Vespasiano da Bisticci (before 1498), for the document of renunciation in Ariosto, and in the plural for privations and sacrifices only in 1921.^(DELI 1999) ''Rinunciatario'' was formed after legal words such as ''legatario'';^(DELI 1999) its modern sense, one who gives up rights or advantages too easily, is from 1919.^(DELI 1999) In politics ''rinunciare all'incarico'' is to decline the mandate to form a government.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Treccani 2011)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * First half of the 13th century – The verb appears in a translation of Rainerio da Perugia.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1268 – Date given by Zingarelli.^(Zingarelli 2010)

+ * Before 1321 – Dante writes ''rinonciare''.^(DELI 1999)

+ * Before 1498 – ''Rinunzia'' appears in Vespasiano da Bisticci.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1673 – ''Rinunziatario'' is used as a legal term.^(DELI 1999)

+ * Before 1677 – The sense “to refrain from doing” is recorded.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1919 – ''Rinunciatario'' takes its modern sense.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|renounce]], give up voluntarily a possession, right or office (with ''a''): ''Ha rinunciato alla sua parte della casa.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+ # To give up, [[m|en|forgo]] doing something or a plan or pleasure: ''Abbiamo rinunciato a partire per il mare.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+ # ''(absolute)'' To give up: ''Era troppo difficile e alla fine ho rinunciato.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Treccani 2011)

+ # ''(religion)'' ''rinunciare al mondo'', to give up worldly goods for the spiritual life.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Treccani 2011)

+ # ''(literary, transitive)'' To refuse, decline.^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)^(Treccani 2011)

+ # ''(obsolete)'' To announce publicly, report.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[rinuncia]]

+ * [[rinunzia]]

+ * [[rinunciatario]]

+ * [[rinunciabile]]

+ * [[rinunciatore]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[annunciare]]

+ * [[denunciare]]

+ * [[nunzio]]

+ * [[la|renuntio]]

+ * [[fr|renoncer]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}