uguale Italian · revision 38722

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=1282, Ristoro d'Arezzo|origins=la aequus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /uˈɡwa.le/^(Wiktionary)

+ * Regional: /uɡˈɡwa.le/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''uguale''' ''m or f'' by sense (plural uguali)^(Wiktionary)

+ The variant [[eguale]] is less common, and the old forms include [[roa-oit|iguale]], [[roa-oit|equale]], [[roa-oit|guale]] and [[roa-oit|aguale]].^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Treccani 2011)^(TLIO)^(LEI|1, 1006)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|la|aequālis|t=equal, even, level]], from [[m|la|aequus|t=level, even, equal]], formed as [[m|la|sociālis]] from [[m|la|socius]].^(DELI 1999)^(Nocentini 2010)^(GRADIT 2003)^(Wiktionary) The old outcome was [[roa-oit|iguale]], later made [[eguale]] to bring it closer to Latin, as [[fr|égal]] replaced [[fro|ivel]];^(Nocentini 2010)^(DELI 1999) the standard form assimilated the first vowel to the /u/ of the following syllable.^(Nocentini 2010)^(DELI 1999)^(Devoto 1968) Devoto notes the softening of ⟨qu⟩ to ⟨gu⟩ as in [[seguire|alt=seguo]] from [[la|sequor]], and Körting thought instead of a crossing with [[la|ūnus|t=one]].^(Devoto 1968)^(Körting 1907)

+

+ The same word is [[pro|egal]] and [[m|pro|engal]], [[ca|igual]], [[es|igual]], [[pt|igual]] and [[fur|auâl]].^(LEI|1, 1006)^(Nocentini 2010)^(REW 1935) The Romance verbs presuppose [[la-vul|*aequaliō|alt=*aequaliāre]], the source of [[uguagliare]].^(DELI 1999) From the same adjective the LEI derives the Tuscan and Corsican adverb [[m|roa-oit|aguale]], [[m|roa-oit|avale]] “now”, from a phrase meaning “at the present hour”, and the northern [[gualivo]] “level, smooth”.^(LEI|1, 1006)^(REW 1935)^(Prati 1951|1026) De Vaan finds no convincing etymology for the Latin adjective.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ DELI's first record is in Ristoro d'Arezzo (1282): ''Quello primo cielo è diviso en dodeci parti uguali'' (“That first heaven is divided into twelve equal parts”).^(DELI 1999)^(LEI|1, 1006) The TLIO's first example of the word in any form is in Girardo Patecchio's ''Splanamento'', of Cremona, in the 13th century, and ''iguale'' is in Thomas Latini around 1280.^(TLIO)^(LEI|1, 1006) Dante prefers ''iguale'', which he uses nine times, beside ''equale''.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Boccaccio's Ghismonda, in the ''Decameron'', reminds her father that all souls were created ''con iguali forze, con iguali potenzie, con iguali virtù'' (“with equal strength, equal powers, equal virtues”).^(GDLI) The sense “constant, unchanging” is in the Italian translation of Pietro de' Crescenzi (about 1350), “uniform” in 1550, and “level, smooth” in 1602.^(DELI 1999) The noun “an equal, one of the same rank” was recorded by Rigutini and Fanfani in 1875, and the adverb “in the same way” only in 1961.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ The mathematical use (''due più due è uguale a quattro'') and the legal sense of the derivative ''uguaglianza'', equality before the law (1875), belong to the modern period.^(DELI 1999)^(Zingarelli 2010)^(Tommaseo–Bellini 1861)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * About 1280 – ''Iguale'' appears in Thomas Latini.^(LEI|1, 1006)

+ * 1282 – Ristoro d'Arezzo uses ''uguale''.^(DELI 1999)^(GRADIT 2003)

+ * Before 1321 – Dante uses ''iguale'' and ''igualmente''.^(DELI 1999)

+ * About 1350 – ''Uguale'' means “constant, unchanging” in the translation of Crescenzi.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1598 – Florio records ''uguagliare'' “to make equal”.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1602 – The sense “level, smooth” is recorded.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1875 – Rigutini and Fanfani record the noun ''uguale'' “an equal” and ''uguaglianza'' for equality before the law.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1961 – The adverbial use is recorded.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # [[m|en|equal]], the same, [[m|en|identical]] (with ''a''): ''Ho comprato due tazze uguali.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Wiktionary)

+ # The same for everyone or at all times, unchanging: ''Il prezzo del biglietto è uguale per adulti e bambini.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+ # Uniform, steady, constant: ''Il motore girava con un ritmo sempre uguale.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+ # [[m|en|level]], [[m|en|even]], smooth: ''Il pavimento non è uguale in tutti i punti.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Treccani 2011)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(mathematics)'' Equal, ''è uguale a'' introduces the result of an operation: ''Tre per quattro è uguale a dodici.'' ''(geometry)'' Of figures, congruent.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ===Adverb===

+ # In the same way, [[m|en|equally]]: ''Questi due vestiti costano uguale.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)

+

+ ===Noun===

+ # ''(usually plural)'' An equal, a person of the same rank or class: ''Tratta tutti come suoi uguali.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(mathematics)'' The equals sign.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[uguagliare]]

+ * [[uguaglianza]]

+ * [[ugualmente]]

+ * [[ugualità]]

+ * [[disuguale]]

+ * [[ineguale]]

+ * [[uguagliatore]]

+ * [[gualivo]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[egualitario]]

+ * [[egualizzare]]

+ * [[eguale]]

+ * [[equo]]

+ * [[la|aequālis]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ ''Per me è uguale'' means “it's all the same to me”, and ''uguali come due gocce d'acqua'' “as alike as two peas”.^(Zingarelli 2010)^(GRADIT 2003)^(Treccani 2011) ''Eguale'' is the less common form.^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Treccani 2011)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}