bordo Italian · revision 38702

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=borrowing|attested=late 13th century, Fatti di Cesare|origins=frk *bord}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /ˈbor.do/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''bordo''' ''m'' (plural bordi)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|fro|bord]] (1112), from [[frk|*bord|t=side of a ship; edge]], which Nocentini compares with [[nl|boord]].^(Nocentini 2010)^(GRADIT 2003)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026) DELI notes that French “bord” has all the senses of the Italian word, earlier, and that Italian lexicographers agree on its priority;^(DELI 1999)^(Zaccaria 1901)^(Prati 1951|162) Zaccaria held instead that the word came from [[es|bordo]], and Prati leaves the choice between Spanish and French open.^(DELI 1999)^(Zaccaria 1901)^(Prati 1951|162)

+

+ DELI keeps the Frankish word for the side of a ship apart from a Frankish “*bord” “plank”, recorded in the Latin of the glosses as [[la-med|bordum]] in the 10th century, which it thinks only looks the same.^(DELI 1999) Devoto–Oli, Gabrielli and Wiktionary derive “bordo” from this “plank, board” word, which Wiktionary takes back to [[gem-pro|*burdą|t=board; table]].^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Gabrielli 2020)^(Wiktionary)^(Devoto 1968) The same word is [[pro|bord]], [[ca|bord]] and [[pt|bordo]];^(REW 1935)^(Nocentini 2010) Spanish [[m|es|borde]] “edge” is from French.^(REW 1935)^(Nocentini 2010)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The first record is in the ''Fatti di Cesare'', a Sienese text of the late 13th century, for the side of a ship: a soldier “gittò la mano al bordo de la nave romana per lanciarsi a forza dentro” (“put his hand on the side of the Roman ship to force his way aboard”).^(TLIO)^(GDLI)^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ From the ship's side the word came to mean the ship itself, in ''virare di bordo'' “to go about” (1813), a calque of French ''virer de bord'', and ''andare'' or ''salire a bordo'' “to go aboard” (1797).^(DELI 1999) ''A bordo di'' was applied to the interior of other vehicles from Lorenzo Magalotti (before 1712), and now to cars and aircraft.^(DELI 1999)^(GRADIT 2003) The general sense “edge, rim” is recorded in 1648, and that of a fabric trimming in 1853.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ''Vascello d'alto bordo'', a ship with high sides, is in Giovan Battista Fagiuoli in 1737; the figurative ''d'alto bordo'' “of high social standing” followed, in Milanese ''scior d'alto bordo'' by 1839 and in Italian in 1853.^(DELI 1999) ''Virare di bordo'' also came to mean changing course or one's mind, and Tommaseo records ''girare di bordo'' for slipping away.^(DELI 1999)^(Zingarelli 2010)^(Treccani 2011) [[tr|borda]] is a borrowing from Italian.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1112 – Old French ''bord'' is recorded.^(GRADIT 2003)

+ * Late 13th century – ''Bordo'' “side of a ship” appears in the ''Fatti di Cesare''.^(TLIO)^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1648 – Famiano Strada uses it for “edge, rim”.^(DELI 1999)

+ * Before 1712 – Magalotti uses ''a bordo'' for the inside of a means of transport.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1737 – ''Vascello d'alto bordo'' is recorded.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1797 – ''Andare a bordo'' “to go aboard” is recorded.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1813 – ''Virare di bordo'' appears in Stratico's naval dictionary.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1853 – ''D'alto bordo'' “of high standing” and ''bordo'' “trimming” are recorded.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # ''(nautical)'' The [[m|en|side]] of a boat or ship, especially the part above the water.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+ # By extension, the inside of a ship or of another vehicle, ''a bordo'': [[m|en|aboard]]: ''Sono saliti a bordo all'ultimo momento.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Gabrielli 2020)

+ # An [[m|en|edge]], rim or margin: ''Il gatto camminava sul bordo del tetto.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+ # A [[m|en|trimming]] or border sewn onto clothes, linen or curtains.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+ # ''(geometry)'' The boundary of a plane or curved surface.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Gabrielli 2020)

+ # ''(astronomy)'' The outer edge of the disc of a star or planet.^(GRADIT 2003)

+ # ''(sailing)'' A [[m|en|tack]]: each stretch sailed with the wind on the same side when beating to windward.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[bordare]]

+ * [[bordata]]

+ * [[bordatura]]

+ * [[bordeggiare]]

+ * [[bordino]]

+ * [[bordura]]

+ * [[abbordare]]

+ * [[abbordaggio]]

+ * [[debordare]]

+ * [[trasbordare]]

+ * [[trasbordo]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[fr|bord]]

+ * [[nl|boord]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ ''D'alto bordo'' is used of people of high standing, often ironically, and of expensive prostitutes.^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Treccani 2011)^(Gabrielli 2020) An old ''bordo'' was a kind of striped cloth, used for mattresses, recorded in a Sienese document of 1298;^(TLIO)^(GDLI)^(Prati 1951|162) DEI derives it from ''bordare'' “to hem”, the GDLI likewise, and Prati from [[ar|بُرْد|tr=burd|t=striped cloak]].^(TLIO)^(GDLI)^(Prati 1951|162)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}