voyager French · revision 38693

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=1385, Eustache Deschamps|origins=la viaticum}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /vwa.ja.ʒe/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''voyager'''^(Wiktionary)

+ Middle French [[m|frm|voyagier]].^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed [[af|fr|voyage|-er]].^(TLFi)^(Wiktionary)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989) The noun [[voyage]] is [[inh|la|viāticum]], from [[m|la|via|t=way, road]]; in Latin it meant money for a journey, then provisions for a journey, and in the Latin of Gaul the way to be covered.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(FEW|14, 541b) In the Middle Ages the noun mostly meant a pilgrimage or a crusade, and its modern sense appears only toward the end of the 15th century.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is first found in Eustache Deschamps (1385): ''or fault avoir pour voyagier grant argent'' “now one must have much money to travel”.^(TLFi)^(Petit Robert 2007) The GLLF and the Grand Robert date it to the early 15th century, in Alain Chartier.^(GLLF 1989)^(Grand Robert 2005)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ From the 18th century the verb took the wider sense of moving from place to place: Buffon wrote in 1749 of icebergs that “travel” into temperate regions.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) Of goods it came to mean “to be transported” (1786),^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) and of a wine or other food “to stand the journey” (1893).^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) Used abstractly of ideas, it means to spread (before 1778, Voltaire).^(DHLF 1992)^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ In the French of Lebanon and sub-Saharan Africa, ''il a voyagé'' means “he has left on a trip”.^(DHLF 1992) About 1966 it took the sense of being under the effect of a hallucinogen, after the noun ''voyage'' used like English ''trip''.^(DHLF 1992) Its derivative [[voyageur]] dates from 1415.^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1385 – ''Voyagier'' in Eustache Deschamps.^(TLFi)

+ * Early 15th century – Alain Chartier: ''nobles voyageoient''.^(Littré 1873)^(GLLF 1989)

+ * 1415 – The noun ''voyageur''.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1749 – Buffon uses it of moving ice.^(TLFi)

+ * 1786 – Le Tourneur uses it of a letter in transit.^(TLFi)

+ * 1893 – Of a wine that cannot stand transport.^(TLFi)

+ * c. 1966 – Of a drug experience.^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|travel]], make a journey: ''voyager en avion''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To travel widely, see the world: ''elle a beaucoup voyagé''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(GLLF 1989)

+ # Of a commercial traveller, to go on rounds.^(Petit Robert 2007)

+ # Of birds and animals, to [[m|en|migrate]].^(GLLF 1989)^(Littré 1873)

+ # Of things, to be [[m|en|transported]]: ''ces fruits voyagent mal''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(TLFi)

+ # ''(figurative)'' Of ideas, to spread.^(GLLF 1989)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ ''Qui veut voyager loin ménage sa monture'' (“who would travel far spares his mount”) is a proverb.^(Petit Robert 2007) The Grand Robert and Littré also list an adjective ''voyager, voyagère'' “travelling”, said chiefly of birds; it is derived from ''voyage'' too.^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}