mise French · revision 38608

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 1165, Benoît de Sainte-Maure|origins=la mittō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /miz/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''mise''' ''f'' (plural mises)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is the feminine past participle of [[mettre]] used as a noun.^(TLFi)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(GLLF 1989) The verb is inherited from [[la|mittō|t=to let go, send]], which took the sense “to put in a place” in popular Latin.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(FEW|6/2, 188a)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ In Benoît de Sainte-Maure's ''Roman de Troie'' (about 1165) a ''mise'' is expenditure, the money one has spent.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ From the sense “expenditure” came ''être de mise'' (before 1558), said of a coin that is current and now figuratively of what is acceptable or fitting, used above all in the negative.^(DHLF 1992)^(TLFi) Other uses follow those of the verb: a wager (about 1225), the stake at an auction (''mise à prix'', 1495) and at play (1611), whence ''sauver la mise'' (1867), to get someone out of trouble.^(DHLF 1992)^(TLFi)^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ From 1180–1190 ''mise'' also meant putting someone in prison, a sense now lost, and, from 1262 the act of putting something in a place.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) The modern word lives in many fixed groups: ''mise en liberté'' (1795), ''mise en scène'' (1800), ''mise en cause'' (1832), ''mise en train'' (1834), ''mise bas'' and ''mise en œuvre'' (1835), ''mise en demeure'' (1839), ''mise à pied'' (1865) and ''mise au point'', first in sculpture (1872), then in photography (1903).^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) ''Homme de belle mise'' (1461) was a well-made, sociable man, and ''mise'' has meant a way of dressing since 1783.^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 1165 – “Expenditure” in the ''Roman de Troie''.^(TLFi)

+ * c. 1225 – “Wager”.^(TLFi)

+ * 1180–1190 – “Putting in prison” in the ''Roman de Renart''.^(TLFi)

+ * 1262 – The act of putting something in a place.^(TLFi)

+ * Before 1558 – ''Être de mise'', of current coin.^(TLFi)

+ * 1611 – The stake at play, in Cotgrave.^(TLFi)

+ * 1783 – “Way of dressing” in Restif de la Bretonne.^(TLFi)

+ * 1800 – ''Mise en scène''.^(TLFi)

+ * 1867 – ''Sauver la mise''.^(GLLF 1989)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # The act of putting something somewhere or into a state; usually with a complement: ''mise en place'', ''mise en bouteilles''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Larousse)

+ # ''Mise en scène'': the [[m|en|staging]] of a play or film; figuratively, an elaborate show put on to impress.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Le Robert)

+ # ''Mise bas'': the act of an animal giving birth.^(Petit Robert 2007)

+ # A [[m|en|stake]]: money risked at play or invested in a business, ''mise de fonds'', a capital outlay.^(Larousse)^(GLLF 1989)

+ # ''(Switzerland)'' An [[m|en|auction]].^(Larousse)

+ # A way of dressing, [[m|en|attire]].^(Larousse)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''Être de mise'': to be acceptable or appropriate.^(Larousse)^(DHLF 1992)

+ # ''Sauver la mise (à quelqu'un)'': to get (someone) out of trouble.^(DHLF 1992)^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[miser]]

+ * [[mise en scène]]

+ * [[mise au point]]

+ * [[mise en demeure]]

+ * [[mise à pied]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[mettre]]

+ * [[entremise]]

+ * [[la|mittō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}