duco Latin · revision 3859

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=Twelve Tables|origins=ine-pro *deuk-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈduː.koː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈduː.ko]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''dūcō''' (present infinitive dūcere, perfect active dūxī, supine ductum); third conjugation, irregular short imperative^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*douk-e-]], [[inh|ine-pro|*deuk-e/o-|t=to draw]].^(de Vaan 2008) An old spelling [[m|la|abdoucit]] appears in a Scipio epitaph.^(de Vaan 2008) De Vaan thinks the noun [[dux|alt=dux]] “leader” was taken from compounds.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ Cognate with [[wlm|dwc|t=leads, brings]] and [[got|𐍄𐌹𐌿𐌷𐌰𐌽|tr=tiuhan|t=to draw]],^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012) and with [[ang|tēon]] and English [[m|en|tow]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is found from the Laws of the Twelve Tables onwards.^(de Vaan 2008) In Plautus a woman will be “taken to your father”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Its basic sense was to lead or take someone along, and animals, as soldiers leading pack animals in Plautus.^(OLD 2012) Of a man it meant to marry, “to take home” a wife, and of a general to lead troops, ''ducere triumphum'' was to hold a triumph.^(OLD 2012) A road could lead somewhere, and heavenly bodies bring round the seasons.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ It meant to draw a line or a boundary, to build along a line, to spend time, to bring into a condition and to lead into an opinion or into error.^(OLD 2012) Draught animals drew a cart, a magnet drew iron in Lucretius, and one drew threads, breath and lots.^(OLD 2012) It also meant to prolong, to derive, to calculate and, with an accusative and infinitive, to consider or reckon.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ English ''duke'' comes from ''dux'', and ''conduct'' from its compound ''condūcere''.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 450 BC – The Twelve Tables use it.^(de Vaan 2008)

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of leading persons and of marrying.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 235–200 BC – Naevius uses it of a consul leading part of the army.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius says a lodestone draws iron.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * early 12th century – English ''duke'' comes from ''dux''.^(Etymonline)

+ * early 15th century – English ''conduct'' comes from ''condūcere''.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|lead]], conduct, take (a person or animal).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(of a man)'' To [[m|en|marry]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To lead (troops); to lead (a procession), ''ducere triumphum'', to hold a triumph.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(of a road)'' To lead.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To draw, trace (a line, a boundary); to build along a line.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To spend (time).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To bring into a condition; to lead (to an opinion); to lead on, deceive.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To draw, pull (a cart, a load); to attract.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To draw (a thread, breath, lots).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To shape, fashion.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To [[m|en|prolong]], protract.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To derive; to calculate.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To consider, reckon.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[abdūcō]]

+ * [[addūcō]]

+ * [[circumdūcō]]

+ * [[condūcō]]

+ * [[dēdūcō]]

+ * [[dīdūcō]]

+ * [[dūcātor]]

+ * [[ducātrīx]]

+ * [[ducātus]]

+ * [[ductārius]]

+ * [[ductilis]]

+ * [[ductim]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[dux]]

+ * [[en|duke]]

+ * [[en|conduct]]

+ * [[en|tow]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}