discutere Italian · revision 38511

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=1309–1310, Sienese statutes|origins=la quatiō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /disˈku.te.re/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''discutere''' (first-person singular present discùto, first-person singular past historic discùssi, past participle discùsso, auxiliary avére)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is a learned word, [[bor|la|discutiō|t=to shake apart, disperse]], formed from [[m|la|dis-|t=apart]] and [[m|la|quatiō|t=to shake]].^(DELI 1999)^(Nocentini 2010)^(GRADIT 2003)^(Wiktionary) In Late and Christian Latin the verb came to mean “to examine, debate (a case)”.^(Nocentini 2010)^(GDLI)^(DEI|1334) The ⟨qua⟩ of “quatiō” became ⟨cu⟩ in the inner syllable of the compound.^(Devoto 1968) The participle “discussus” gave [[la|discussio]], “a shaking” in classical Latin and “discussion” in Late Latin, the source of [[discussione]].^(DELI 1999)^(Nocentini 2010) Old French kept the Latin verb by popular descent as [[fro|descourre|t=to shake off]] and took the learned [[fr|discuter]] in the 13th century.^(REW 1935)^(Körting 1907)^(DEI|1334) The Spanish verb is [[m|es|discutir]].^(Nocentini 2010)

+

+ De Vaan reconstructs [[itc-pro|*kwat-i-|alt=*kʷat-i-]] for “quatiō”; it may share a root “*(s)kuot-” with [[goh|scutten|t=to shake]], but he thinks it may not be Indo-European at all.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The TLIO's first record is in Sienese statutes of 1309–1310, of a matter debated between several people with opposing arguments.^(TLIO) Zingarelli dates the word to 1310.^(Zingarelli 2010) DELI and GRADIT give Zanobi da Strata (before 1364).^(DELI 1999)^(GRADIT 2003) Boccaccio (before 1375) pairs ''disputare o discutere''.^(DELI 1999)^(GRADIT 2003)^(GDLI)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Old Italian also used the verb for putting a measure to the vote of an assembly, for considering and weighing, and, closer to the Latin, for damaging deeply and driving away.^(TLIO) In the 18th century physicians used it for dispersing humours.^(GDLI)^(DEI|1334)

+

+ Tommaseo distinguished it from ''dibattere'': people debate a question in which each thinks he is right, while they discuss it to see it cleared up.^(Tommaseo–Bellini 1861) The sense “to call into question” (''non discuto la tua buona fede'') is dated by DELI to Fogazzaro (1886), and “to quarrel” to Verga (1887).^(DELI 1999) ''Discutere la tesi'' is to defend one's degree thesis, and ''discutere del sesso degli angeli'' is to argue over idle questions.^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Treccani 2011)^(GRADIT 2003)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1309–1310 – Sienese statutes use ''discutere''.^(TLIO)

+ * Before 1364 – Zanobi da Strata uses it in his translation of Gregory the Great.^(DELI 1999)^(GDLI)

+ * Before 1406 – ''Discussione'' is recorded in Francesco da Buti.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1796 – ''Mettere in discussione'' “to call into question” is recorded.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1869 – Tommaseo records ''discutibile''.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1886 – Fogazzaro uses the verb in the sense “to question”.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1887 – Verga uses it in the sense “to quarrel”.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # ''(transitive)'' To [[m|en|discuss]], examine a question together, comparing views to reach a decision: ''Il consiglio comunale discuterà il bilancio domani.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+ # ''(intransitive)'' To talk about, [[m|en|debate]] (with ''di'' or ''su''): ''Abbiamo discusso di musica fino a mezzanotte.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Treccani 2011)

+ # To question, raise [[m|en|objection|alt=objections]] to: ''Nessuno discute la sua competenza.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+ # To [[m|en|argue]], quarrel: ''I vicini discutono ogni sera.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[discussione]]

+ * [[discusso]]

+ * [[discutibile]]

+ * [[discutibilità]]

+ * [[indiscusso]]

+ * [[ridiscutere]]

+ * [[discussore]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[scuotere]]

+ * [[percuotere]]

+ * [[dibattere]]

+ * [[la|discutio]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}