fiducia Italian · revision 38499

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=1268, Andrea da Grosseto|origins=ine-pro *bʰeydʰ-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /fiˈdu.t͡ʃa/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''fiducia''' ''f'' (plural fiducie)^(Wiktionary)

+ Old forms include ''fiduzia'', and in the north ''fedhusia'', ''feduxia'' and ''fiuxia''.^(TLIO)^(GDLI)^(DEI|1634)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is a learned [[bor|la|fīdūcia|t=trust, confidence]], derived from [[m|la|fīdō|t=to trust]].^(DELI 1999)^(Nocentini 2010)^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026) The Latin noun is formed on an unattested adjective [[m|la|*fīdūcus]], built on the verb as [[m|la|cadūcus|t=falling]] is on [[m|la|cadō|t=to fall]].^(Devoto 1968)^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) Sabatini–Coletti derives it from the related adjective [[m|la|fīdus|t=faithful]].^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+

+ Latin [[m|la|fīdō]] goes back to [[itc-pro|*feiþe-]] and [[ine-pro|*bʰeydʰ-|t=to trust]], the root of [[grc|πείθομαι|tr=peíthomai|t=to be persuaded, obey]]; [[m|la|fidēs|t=faith]] and [[m|la|foedus|t=treaty]] belong to the same family.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ In northern Old Italian the word took a more popular shape, [[roa-oit|fedùsia]].^(DEI|1634)^(TLIO) [[pt|fiuza]] and [[es|hucia]] are inherited forms of the same Latin noun.^(Nocentini 2010)^(REW 1935)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The TLIO's first record is in Andrea da Grosseto's Tuscan translation of Albertano da Brescia (1268), and Zingarelli dates the word to the same year;^(TLIO)^(Zingarelli 2010)^(DELI 1999) DELI's first date is Domenico Cavalca (before 1342).^(TLIO)^(Zingarelli 2010)^(DELI 1999) The early sense was the state of mind of someone who expects things to turn out as they hope, with shades of self-confidence and of trust that someone will not let one down; in religious texts it comes close to “faith”.^(TLIO)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Old Italian also used ''sotto sicura fiducia'' for “under safe escort”.^(TLIO) The 14th-century Bible translations already have ''fiducia'' as trust in an ally: “What is this trust in which you trust?”^(GDLI) Tommaseo distinguished it from ''speranza'': trust cannot exist without hope, but it is a more lasting feeling.^(Tommaseo–Bellini 1861)

+

+ The Roman legal sense, a contract by which a thing was handed over to someone to be returned later, entered the dictionaries from Latin law;^(Zingarelli 2010)^(Gabrielli 2020)^(GDLI) Isidore defines it.^(Zingarelli 2010)^(Gabrielli 2020)^(GDLI) In modern Italian ''di fiducia'' means “trusted, chosen by oneself” (''persona di fiducia'', ''medico di fiducia''), and in parliamentary language ''fiducia'' is the support of Parliament for the Government, voted in a ''voto di fiducia'' or demanded with a ''questione di fiducia''.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Treccani 2011)

+

+ Derivatives followed slowly: ''sfiduciare'' (16th century), ''fiduciario'' from Latin ''fiduciarius'' (1673), ''sfiduciato'' (1845), ''fiducioso'' (before 1861) and ''sfiducia'' (1873).^(Nocentini 2010)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1268 – Andrea da Grosseto uses ''fiducia''.^(TLIO)

+ * Before 1342 – Domenico Cavalca has ''fiducia'' in the sense of trust.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 16th century – ''Sfiduciare'' is recorded.^(Nocentini 2010)

+ * 1673 – ''Fiduciario'' is recorded.^(Nocentini 2010)

+ * 1845 – ''Sfiduciato'' is recorded.^(Nocentini 2010)

+ * Before 1861 – ''Fiducioso'' is recorded.^(Nocentini 2010)

+ * 1873 – ''Sfiducia'' is recorded.^(Nocentini 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # [[m|en|trust]], [[m|en|confidence]]: the sense of security that comes from relying on someone or something, or on oneself: ''Dopo tanti anni ho piena fiducia nel mio socio.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+ # [[m|en|faith]], especially in God.^(GRADIT 2003)

+ # Credit, good [[m|en|reputation]]: ''È un negozio che gode della fiducia dei clienti.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)

+ # ''(politics)'' The confidence of Parliament in the Government, expressed by a vote: ''La Camera ha votato la fiducia al governo.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Treccani 2011)

+ # ''(law, history)'' In Roman law, a contract by which a thing was entrusted to someone to be given back later or passed on to others.^(Zingarelli 2010)^(Gabrielli 2020)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[fiducioso]]

+ * [[sfiducia]]

+ * [[sfiduciare]]

+ * [[sfiduciato]]

+ * [[fiduciante]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[fidare]]

+ * [[fido]]

+ * [[fiduciario]]

+ * [[la|fīdūcia]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}