vinum Latin · revision 3841

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=inherited|attested=Livius Andronicus|origins=ine-pro *ueih₁-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈwiː.nũː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈviː.num]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''vīnum''' ''n'' (genitive vīnī); second declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*wīno-]], from the Indo-European word for vine and wine, [[ine-pro|*ueih₁-(ō)n|t=vine, wine]].^(de Vaan 2008) De Vaan, after Beekes, derives it from the root for “to weave, wrap”, the vine being “the weaving one”.^(de Vaan 2008) The OLD instead thinks the words in Greek, Armenian and Semitic all come from a common Mediterranean source.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Cognate with [[xfa|uinom]], [[xum|vinu]] and [[hit|u̯ii̯an-|t=wine]],^(de Vaan 2008) and with [[grc|οἶνος|tr=oînos|t=wine]] and [[xcl|գինի|tr=gini]].^(OLD 2012) English [[m|en|wine]] is an early borrowing of the Latin word into Proto-Germanic.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Livius Andronicus has “the wine which they poured as a libation”.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant wine, the grapes for a vintage, as Plautus' wine hanging rotten before it is ripe, and a similar drink made from other fruit, as myrtle-berry wine in Celsus.^(OLD 2012) In vulgar Latin a masculine ''vinus'' appears in Petronius.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ Döderlein says ''vinum'' was the usual word and ''temetum'' the old and poetic one.^(Döderlein 1874) Isidore thought it was named because it fills the veins (''venae'') with blood.^(Isidore) Every Romance language kept it, as Italian [[m|it|vino]] and French [[m|fr|vin]].^(DÉRom)^(Wiktionary) English ''vine'' comes from its derivative [[vinea|alt=vīnea]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 280/260–before 200 BC – Livius Andronicus uses it of a libation.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of wine and of grapes on the vine.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 14–37 AD – Celsus uses it of wine pressed from myrtle berries.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * before 66 AD – Petronius has the masculine ''vinus''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 1300 – English ''vine'' comes from its derivative ''vīnea''.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # [[m|en|Wine]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # The grapes of a [[m|en|vintage]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A wine made from other fruits or plants.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[vīnācea]]

+ * [[vīnāceum]]

+ * [[vīnāceus]]

+ * [[vīnālis]]

+ * [[vīnāriārius]]

+ * [[vīnārium]]

+ * [[vīnārius]]

+ * [[vīndēmia]]

+ * [[vīndēmiālis]]

+ * [[vīndēmiātor]]

+ * [[vīndēmiātōrius]]

+ * [[vīndēmiō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[emō]]

+ * [[vieō]]

+ * [[vītis]]

+ * [[en|wine]]

+ * [[en|vine]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Döderlein notes that ''temetum'' was the antiquated, poetic word for wine.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}