ferito Italian · revision 38284

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 1230–1250, Giacomo da Lentini|origins=la feriō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /feˈri.to/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''ferito''' ''m'' (plural feriti, feminine ferita)^(Wiktionary)

+ Old Italian also had [[m|roa-oit|feruto]], [[m|roa-oit|fedito]] and Sicilian [[m|roa-oit|firutu]].^(TLIO)^(DELI 1999) Zingarelli records the obsolete form ''fedito''.^(Zingarelli 2010)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is the past participle of [[ferire]] “to wound”, used as an adjective and noun.^(DELI 1999)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026) The verb is [[inh|la|feriō|alt=ferīre|t=to strike, hit]], which in spoken Latin passed from “to strike” to “to wound”.^(DELI 1999)^(Nocentini 2010) The Latin verb is generally traced to [[ine-pro|*bʰerH-]], and Nocentini compares [[lt|bárti|t=to scold]] and [[goh|berjan|t=to strike]].^(Wiktionary)^(Nocentini 2010)

+

+ The older participle [[roa-oit|feruto]] has the ending ⟨-uto⟩.^(DELI 1999) [[m|roa-oit|fedito]], like the old infinitive [[m|roa-oit|fedire]], shows the dissimilation of the first /r/ to /d/.^(Nocentini 2010)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The TLIO's first record is Giacomo da Lentini (c. 1230–1250), and DELI's is ''feruto'' in Bonagiunta Orbicciani before 1257, with the sense “having received one or more wounds”; the form ''ferito'' is in Arrigo Simintendi before 1333.^(TLIO)^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ From the beginning the word was used both of bodily wounds, especially from cutting weapons, and figuratively in the language of love, of a heart wounded by love.^(TLIO) Old Italian also had ''ferito a morte'' “mortally wounded”, and in religious writing ''ferito'' could mean burning with divine love.^(TLIO) The noun ''un ferito'', a wounded person, is already in the Old Italian Bible: ''molti di loro caddono morti, e altri feriti'' (“many of them fell dead, and others wounded”).^(TLIO)^(GDLI)

+

+ Today ''morti e feriti'' is the usual phrase for the casualties of a war or accident, and in heraldry a shield ''ferito'' is one pierced by an arrow with drops of blood.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026) The figurative sense, hurt in one's feelings or honour, is recorded by Sabatini–Coletti and Gabrielli.^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Gabrielli 2020)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 1230–1250 – Giacomo da Lentini uses the word.^(TLIO)

+ * Before 1257 – Bonagiunta Orbicciani uses the form ''feruto''.^(DELI 1999)

+ * Before 1333 – Arrigo Simintendi uses the form ''ferito''.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # [[m|en|wounded]], injured: ''È rimasto ferito in un incidente stradale.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Treccani 2011)

+ # Of a part of the body, bearing a wound: ''una mano ferita''.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)

+ # ''(figurative)'' Hurt, offended: ''ferito nell'orgoglio''.^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Gabrielli 2020)

+ # ''(heraldry)'' Of a shield, pierced by an arrow with drops of blood.^(GRADIT 2003)

+

+ ===Noun===

+ # A wounded or injured person: ''I feriti sono stati portati all'ospedale.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[ferita]]

+ * [[ferire]]

+ * [[feritoia]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ ''Scambio dei feriti'' is the exchange of seriously wounded prisoners between warring sides.^(Zingarelli 2010)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}