armo Latin · revision 3826

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Cicero|origins=ine-pro *h₂er-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈar.moː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈar.mo]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''armō''' (present infinitive armāre, perfect active armāvī, supine armātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|arma|-ō|t1=arms, weapons]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) ''Arma'' is [[m|itc-pro|*armo-]], from [[ine-pro|*h₂(e)r-mo-|t=fitting]], from the root for “to join”; its meaning went from “what is fitted together, tools” to “weapons”.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Cicero, though its participle ''armātus'' is in Plautus.^(de Vaan 2008) Cicero writes of a man who in peacetime gathered, armed and drew up a crowd.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant to arm or equip someone, ''manus armare'' to take up arms, to give arms to people, as Caesar arming veterans, and to put forces in the field, as Sallust's Jugurtha mustering troops.^(OLD 2012) It meant to incite to war, as hopes that armed the Etruscans in Livy, and of a weapon to make up someone's arms.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ It meant to arm with things other than weapons, as Virgil's mother armed with torches, and figuratively to strengthen.^(OLD 2012) In naval language it meant to fit out a ship.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) Romance kept it, as French [[m|fr|armer]], and English ''arm'' “to furnish with weapons” comes from it around 1200.^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of arming a crowd and of fitting out a ship.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar orders soldiers to be armed.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 86–34 BC – Sallust uses it of mustering forces.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 1200 – English ''arm'' (verb) is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|arm]], equip with weapons.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To make soldiers of, give arms to.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To [[m|en|mobilize]], muster.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To incite to war, ''(figurative)'' to rouse.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(of a weapon)'' To form the arms of.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To strengthen, fortify.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To fit out, [[m|en|rig]] (a ship).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[armātiō]]

+ * [[armātūra]]

+ * [[armātus]]

+ * [[coarmo]]

+ * [[dearmō]]

+ * [[exarmō]]

+ * [[obarmō]]

+ * [[perarmātus]]

+ * [[perarmo]]

+ * [[inarmō]]

+ * [[redarmātus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[arma]]

+ * [[en|arm]]

+ * [[en|army]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}