inoltre Italian · revision 38256

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=15th century|origins=la in, la ultrā}}

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+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /iˈnol.tre/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|it|in|oltre|t2=beyond]], the phrase ⟨in oltre⟩ written solid.^(Nocentini 2010)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)^(Wiktionary) DELI takes it as a learned word modelled on [[la-lat|in ultrā]], used in the Vulgate before 420, with the preposition as an intensifier: “well beyond”.^(DELI 1999)^(GRADIT 2003)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026) DEI compares Late Latin phrases strengthened the same way, such as [[m|la-lat|in invicem]] and [[m|la-lat|in palam]], and [[fr|en outre]].^(DEI|2041)^(Wiktionary)

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+ That adverb continues [[la|ultrā|t=beyond]].^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Zingarelli dates the word to before 1463, Nocentini to the 15th century.^(Zingarelli 2010)^(Nocentini 2010) DELI's first records are 16th-century: the ''Ricettario fiorentino'', Giovan Battista Adriani and Francesco Guicciardini.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In the 16th century the phrase was still often written separately, as in the ''Ricettario fiorentino'': ''si cuocono e rimenano al sole, ed in oltre agitandole''.^(GDLI|8) Adriani has ''Era inoltre in questi giorni nata mala contentezza fra la nazione spagnuola e la franzese'' (“moreover, ill feeling had arisen in those days between the Spanish nation and the French”).^(GDLI|8) The old dictionaries also record ''inoltro''.^(GDLI|8)

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+ The purist Ugolini still considered the joined spelling an error in the 19th century and advised writing ''in oltre''.^(DELI 1999) Today it is a basic word that links a sentence to what precedes, and Sabatini and Coletti class it as a textual conjunction.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * Before 420 – Late Latin ''in ultra'' is used in the Vulgate.^(DELI 1999)

+ * Before 1463 – Zingarelli dates ''inoltre''.^(Zingarelli 2010)

+ * 16th century – The ''Ricettario fiorentino'', Adriani and Guicciardini use it.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 19th century – Ugolini objects to the spelling as one word.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adverb===

+ # [[m|en|moreover]], besides, in addition to what has been said: ''La casa è grande e inoltre ha un bel giardino.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[oltre]]

+ * [[oltretutto]]

+ * [[fr|en outre]]

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+ ==Usage notes==

+ ''Inoltre'' can stand at the start of a sentence, inside it or, less often, at the end, usually set off by commas, and it is often reinforced by ''e'': ''e inoltre''.^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)

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+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}