assicurare Italian · revision 38255

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=12th century, Proverbia que dicuntur|origins=la sēcūrus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /as.si.kuˈra.re/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''assicurare''' (first-person singular present assicùro, first-person singular past historic assicurài, past participle assicuràto, auxiliary avére)^(Wiktionary)

+ Old forms include ''assigurare'', ''asicurare'' and ''asecurare''.^(LEI)^(TLIO) The form ''assecurare'' is literary and archaic.^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|la-vul|*assēcūrō|alt=*assēcūrāre]], formed from [[m|la|sēcūrus|t=safe, secure]] with the prefix [[m|la|ad-]] and a verb ending.^(DELI 1999)^(Nocentini 2010)^(LEI)^(Wiktionary) The verb is found in all the Romance languages except Romanian: [[rm|asgürêr]], [[fro|aseurer]], [[pro|assegurar]], [[ca|assegurar]], [[es|asegurar]], [[pt|assegurar]] and [[sc|assegurare]].^(LEI)^(REW 1935) The verb [[ro|asigura]] is a later formation.^(REW 1935)

+

+ Medieval Latin [[m|la-med|assecuro|alt=assecurare]] is recorded from the 12th century, for protecting (1114) and for guaranteeing (1248), and Wiktionary takes it as a borrowing from Romance.^(LEI)^(Wiktionary) Tommaseo explains [[m|la|sēcūrus]] as “free from care”, from [[m|la|cūra|t=care, worry]].^(Tommaseo–Bellini 1861)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The TLIO's first record is the Venetian ''Proverbia que dicuntur'' of the 12th century.^(TLIO) DELI and the LEI date the sense “to make certain, persuade” to the early 13th century, in Mazzeo di Ricco.^(DELI 1999)^(LEI)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In Old Italian the verb also meant to encourage (Brunetto Latini, before 1294), to dare, and to protect.^(DELI 1999)^(TLIO) Petrarch asks ''Chi m'assicura? / I' vo gridando: Pace, pace, pace'' (“Who makes me safe? I go about crying: peace, peace, peace”).^(GDLI|1, 764)^(DELI 1999) Dante's ''leva la testa e fa che t'assicuri'' (“raise your head and take heart”) shows the old pronominal sense.^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Treccani 2011)

+

+ The commercial sense, insuring goods or a ship against risk, is in Franco Sacchetti before 1400, and a Florentine document of 1397 has ''assicuratore'', an insurer.^(DELI 1999) ''Assicurazione'' meant the act of making sure in 1611–1618 and an insurance contract from 1673 (as ''assecurazione'').^(DELI 1999) Ariosto in 1532 uses the verb for fastening something firmly, and the ''assicurata'', a letter sent with special safeguards, is recorded in 1918.^(DELI 1999) In mountaineering it now also means belaying a climbing partner.^(GRADIT 2003)^(GDLI|Supplemento 2009)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 12th century – The Venetian ''Proverbia que dicuntur'' use the verb.^(TLIO)

+ * Early 13th century – Mazzeo di Ricco uses ''assicurare'' “to persuade”.^(DELI 1999)^(LEI)

+ * Before 1294 – Brunetto Latini uses it for encouraging.^(DELI 1999)

+ * Before 1374 – Petrarch uses it for protecting.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1397 – ''Assicuratore'' appears in a Florentine document.^(DELI 1999)

+ * Before 1400 – Franco Sacchetti uses it for insuring.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1532 – Ariosto uses it for fastening.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1673 – ''Assecurazione'' is recorded for an insurance contract.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1918 – ''Assicurata'', an insured letter, is recorded.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # ''(transitive)'' To make certain, to [[m|en|ensure]] or guarantee: ''assicurare un futuro tranquillo ai nipoti''.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+ # ''(transitive)'' To protect from harm or danger.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)

+ # ''(transitive)'' To [[m|en|insure]] something under a contract of insurance: ''Abbiamo assicurato la casa contro gli incendi.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+ # ''(transitive)'' To send a letter or parcel by insured post.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)

+ # ''(transitive)'' To [[m|en|assure]] someone, to tell them confidently: ''Ti assicuro che non ne sapevo niente.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+ # ''(transitive)'' To fasten, to make fast: ''assicurare la barca al pontile''.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+ # ''(mountaineering)'' To [[m|en|belay]] a fellow climber.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+ # ''(pronominal, assicurarsi)'' To make sure of something, to take out insurance, or to secure something for oneself.^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)^(Treccani 2011)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[assicurazione]]

+ * [[assicuratore]]

+ * [[assicurato]]

+ * [[assicurata]]

+ * [[assicurativo]]

+ * [[assicurabile]]

+ * [[rassicurare]]

+ * [[riassicurare]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[sicuro]]

+ * [[sicurezza]]

+ * [[fr|assurer]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ ''Assicurare qualcuno alla giustizia'' means to arrest someone or have them arrested.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}