naturalmente Italian · revision 38218

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=before 1250|origins=la nātūrālis}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /na.tu.ralˈmen.te/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''naturalmente''' (invariable)^(Wiktionary)

+ Old Italian also had ''naturalemente''.^(Tommaseo–Bellini 1861)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed [[af|it|naturale|-mente]].^(GRADIT 2003)^(Treccani 2011)^(Wiktionary) Tommaseo compares the classical adverb [[la|nātūrāliter]].^(Tommaseo–Bellini 1861) The adjective [[naturale]] is a borrowing of [[m|la|nātūrālis]], from [[m|la|nātūra|t=nature, birth]].^(Nocentini 2010)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ GRADIT dates the adverb to before 1250 and Devoto–Oli to the first half of the 13th century, with the sense “by nature, according to nature”.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The old sense “by nature” is common in the 14th-century writers: Dante's ''Paradiso'' speaks of motion here below “where one goes up and down naturally” (“dove si monta e cala / naturalmente”), and Boccaccio tells his ladies how compassionate they all are “naturalmente”.^(Tommaseo–Bellini 1861) Dante also speaks of vices to which man is naturally inclined.^(Treccani 2011) Devoto–Oli now label this sense literary.^(Devoto–Oli 2026)

+

+ The adverb also came to mean “without artifice, spontaneously” and, in modern use, “obviously, as was to be expected”, especially as a parenthetical word, and “certainly” as an answer.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Treccani 2011) In physics, ''moto naturalmente accelerato'' is the free fall of bodies in a vacuum.^(Treccani 2011)^(GRADIT 2003)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * Before 1250 – GRADIT's date for the adverb.^(GRADIT 2003)

+ * Before 1294 – Brunetto Latini uses the adjective ''naturale''.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adverb===

+ # [[m|en|naturally|alt=Naturally]], by nature, in keeping with one's character: ''È un ragazzo naturalmente timido.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Treccani 2011)

+ # Without affectation, [[m|en|spontaneously]]: ''Cerca di parlare naturalmente davanti alla telecamera.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Gabrielli 2020)

+ # According to the laws of nature, without human intervention.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Treccani 2011)^(Gabrielli 2020)

+ # [[m|en|of course|alt=Of course]], as was to be expected, often as a parenthetical word: ''Era tardi e, naturalmente, il negozio era chiuso.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Treccani 2011)

+ # As an answer, “certainly”: ''«Mi aiuti?» «Naturalmente!»''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Gabrielli 2020)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[naturale]]

+ * [[natura]]

+ * [[naturalezza]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}