riportare Italian · revision 38216

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=13th century|origins=la portō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /ri.porˈta.re/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''riportare''' (first-person singular present ripòrto, first-person singular past historic riportài, past participle riportàto, auxiliary avére)^(Wiktionary)

+ The older form is [[roa-oit|reportare]], and Tommaseo and the GDLI also list ''repportare''.^(Gabrielli 2020)^(Tommaseo–Bellini 1861)^(GDLI|16, 686)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|la|reportō|t=to carry back]], from [[m|la|portō|t=to carry]] with the prefix [[m|la|re-|t=back]].^(DELI 1999)^(Nocentini 2010)^(GRADIT 2003)^(Wiktionary) DELI and the GDLI call it a learned word.^(DELI 1999)^(GDLI|16, 686) In some senses it is a formation [[af|it|ri-|portare]], and Treccani and Gabrielli treat the whole verb this way, Treccani on the model of the Latin.^(DELI 1999)^(Treccani 2011)^(Gabrielli 2020) Devoto sees the Latin verb crossed with the Italian prefix.^(Devoto 1968|374)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Nocentini and Devoto–Oli date the verb to the 13th century, Nocentini to its third quarter, and Zingarelli gives 1319.^(Nocentini 2010)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010) DELI's first dated sense, “to carry again”, is in Boccaccio's ''Decameron'' (1348–1353), where a good woman takes the chest back to the place she had taken it from.^(DELI 1999)^(GDLI|16, 686)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In the 14th century the verb already meant “to report, bring back as an answer” (an Ovid translation), and Boccaccio used it figuratively for gaining or obtaining something, as one brings back a prize.^(DELI 1999) The same sense covers both victories and damage: today one ''riporta'' a success or injuries.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026) Vasari used it in 1550 for transferring a drawing to another scale, and the citing of a text is recorded before 1750.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ Luca Pacioli's ''Summa'' of 1494 already has ''reportare'' and ''far reporto'' for carrying a figure in addition, and the noun ''riporto'' became the word for the carried figure, for a stock-exchange contract (1857) and for fill earth.^(DELI 1999) The sense “to take back home” appears in Tommaseo (1872), and the reflexive ''riportarsi'' “to refer to” is recorded before 1536 in Marin Sanudo.^(DELI 1999) Of a gun dog, ''riportare'' is to retrieve the game.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 13th century – The verb is first recorded.^(Nocentini 2010)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)

+ * 14th century – It is used for reporting news, in an Ovid translation.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1348–1353 – Boccaccio uses it for carrying something back.^(DELI 1999)

+ * Before 1375 – Boccaccio uses it for obtaining something.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1494 – Luca Pacioli uses ''reportare'' for carrying in arithmetic.^(DELI 1999)

+ * Before 1536 – ''Riportarsi'' “to refer to” appears in Marin Sanudo.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1550 – Vasari uses it for transferring a drawing.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1857 – ''Riporto'' names a stock-exchange contract.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To bring or take back to a place, to take home again: ''Domani riporto i bambini dai nonni.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+ # To [[m|en|return]], to give back: ''Devo riportare il libro in biblioteca.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+ # Of a gun dog, to [[m|en|retrieve]] the game for the hunter.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)

+ # To [[m|en|report]], to relate what others have said or written, to quote: ''Il quotidiano riporta la dichiarazione per intero.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+ # To transfer or reproduce a drawing, a design or measurements, often to another scale.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+ # ''(figurative)'' To trace back, to attribute to a cause: ''Riporta ogni problema alla mancanza di soldi.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)

+ # ''(figurative)'' To obtain, win, or else to suffer: ''riportare una vittoria'', ''riportare ferite''.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+ # ''(mathematics)'' To [[m|en|carry]] a figure in a calculation.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Zingarelli 2010)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(reflexive)'' ''riportarsi'': to go back in one's mind to a time, or to refer to something already said.^(Zingarelli 2010)^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[riporto]]

+ * [[riportabile]]

+ * [[riportatore]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[portare]]

+ * [[rapporto]]

+ * [[la|reporto]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}