concha Latin · revision 3817

15 Oct 2026, 20:26 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
Initial text

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=Plautus|origins=grc κόγχη}}
+ 
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈkɔŋ.kʰa]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈkɔŋ.ka]^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Forms==
+ '''concha''' ''f'' (genitive conchae); first declension^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is [[bor|grc|κόγχη|tr=kónkhē|t=mussel, cockle; shell-like cavity]].^(Wiktionary)^(OLD 2012)^(Saalfeld 1874) An archaic spelling [[m|la|conca]] appears in Cato.^(Georges 1913)
+ 
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ Speakers in Plautus list sea urchins, limpets, oysters and shellfish among their catch.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+ 
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It meant a shellfish, and the shell of a mollusc, as the pinna in its gaping shell in Cicero.^(OLD 2012) It also meant the pearl oyster and the pearl itself, as in Tibullus, the purple-fish and purple dye, and Triton's trumpet.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ It meant things shaped like a shell, especially a vessel for oil, unguents or salt, as in Cato.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) Cicero has ''conchas legere'', to gather shells.^(Gaffiot 2016) In medieval Latin it meant a bowl or basin, a dry measure for grain, and an apse.^(Niermeyer 1976) English ''conch'' was borrowed in the early 15th century.^(Etymonline)
+ 
+ ==Timeline==
+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of shellfish.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 234–149 BC – Cato uses it of vessels for oil.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of a mollusc's shell.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * early 15th century – English ''conch'' is borrowed.^(Etymonline)
+ 
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Noun===
+ # A [[m|en|shellfish]], mollusc; a pearl oyster.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)
+ # A shell, seashell.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)
+ # A [[m|en|pearl]]; the purple-fish, [[m|en|purple]].^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Wiktionary)
+ # Triton's trumpet.^(Wiktionary)
+ # A shell-shaped vessel (for oil, salt).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)
+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A basin; a dry measure; an [[m|en|apse]].^(Niermeyer 1976)
+ 
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[conchātus]]
+ * [[concheus]]
+ * [[conchula]]
+ 
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[en|conch]]
+ 
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}