ferita Italian · revision 38167

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=1219, Breve di Montieri|origins=la feriō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /feˈri.ta/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''ferita''' ''f'' (plural ferite)^(Wiktionary)

+ Old Italian also had [[feruta]] and [[fedita]].^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)^(Tommaseo–Bellini 1861)^(TLIO)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[ferire]] “to wound” with the suffix of feminine past participles ([[af|it|ferire|-ita]]).^(DELI 1999)^(GRADIT 2003)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Treccani 2011)^(Nocentini 2010) The form “feruta” has the other participle ending, “-uta”.^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(DELI 1999)

+

+ The verb continues [[la|feriō|t=to strike, hit]], which in spoken Latin moved from “to strike” to “to wound”.^(DELI 1999)^(Nocentini 2010)^(GRADIT 2003) The same verb is [[fr|férir]], now obsolete, [[oc|ferir]], [[es|herir]] and [[pt|ferir]].^(Nocentini 2010) The variant “fedita” goes with [[roa-oit|fedire]], which has “d” by dissimilation of “r” before “r”.^(Nocentini 2010)^(TLIO) De Vaan derives the Latin verb from the root [[ine-pro|*bʰerH-|t=to pierce, strike]], which also gave [[m|la|forō|t=to bore]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The first record is in the Breve di Montieri, a Tuscan statute of 1219, with the sense of a cut or tear in the skin and the flesh beneath, made by a blunt or sharp object.^(DELI 1999)^(TLIO)^(GRADIT 2003) In the same text the verb [[ferire]] is first recorded.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The figurative sense, a deep grief or moral offence, appears as ''feruta'' in Giacomo da Lentini before 1250 and as ''ferita'' in Jacopone da Todi before 1306.^(DELI 1999) The TLIO lists the torment of love as the first figurative sense, beside moral or spiritual harm, sin and insult.^(TLIO) Old Italian also used ''ferita'' for the blow itself, and ''senza ferita'' meant “without bloodshed”.^(TLIO)

+

+ Dante writes in the ''Inferno'' of one “che ancor mirava sua ferita” (who was still gazing at his wound).^(Tommaseo–Bellini 1861) Today the word is also used in botany, for a cut in the bark or tissues of a plant, and in phrases such as ''leccarsi le ferite'' “to lick one's wounds” and ''riaprire una ferita'' “to reopen an old wound”.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1219 – ''Ferita'' and ''ferire'' in the Breve di Montieri.^(DELI 1999)^(TLIO)

+ * Before 1250 – Giacomo da Lentini uses ''feruta'' in the figurative sense.^(DELI 1999)

+ * Before 1306 – Jacopone da Todi uses ''ferita'' in the figurative sense.^(DELI 1999)

+ * Before 1472 – ''Ferimento'' “wounding” in Leon Battista Alberti.^(DELI 1999)^(Nocentini 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|wound]], a cut or tear in the skin and flesh caused by a weapon, a sharp object or a blow: ''Il medico gli ha medicato la ferita al braccio.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+ # ''(botany)'' A cut or hole in the outer tissues of a plant.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+ # ''(figurative)'' A deep sorrow or offence: ''La separazione è una ferita che non si è mai rimarginata.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[feritina]]

+ * [[feritaccia]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[ferire]]

+ * [[ferito]]

+ * [[feritoia]]

+ * [[ferimento]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ ''Ferita'' is also the feminine of the adjective and noun ''ferito'' “wounded”.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Wiktionary) Common phrases are ''ferita d'arma da fuoco'' (gunshot wound), ''ferita superficiale'' and ''ferite d'amore'' (wounds of love).^(GRADIT 2003)^(Zingarelli 2010)^(Treccani 2011)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}