sistemare Italian · revision 38141

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=1772, Pietro Verri|origins=grc ἵστημι}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /sis.teˈma.re/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''sistemare''' (first-person singular present sistèmo, first-person singular past historic sistemài, past participle sistemàto, auxiliary avére)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed in [[af|it|sistema|-are]].^(GRADIT 2003)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Wiktionary) The noun is [[bor|la-lat|systēma]], [[der|grc|σύστημα|tr=sýstēma|t=a whole made of parts; gathering]], from [[m|grc|συνίστημι|tr=synístēmi|t=to put together]], a compound of [[m|grc|σύν|tr=sýn|t=with]] and [[m|grc|ἵστημι|tr=hístēmi|t=to set, place]].^(DELI 1999)^(Nocentini 2010) DELI traces the last to the root [[ine-pro|*steh₂-|alt=*sthā-|t=to stand]].^(DELI 1999)

+

+ DELI and GRADIT date the verb to 1772, but Zingarelli gives 1668.^(DELI 1999)^(GRADIT 2003)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The first record, in Pietro Verri in 1772, has the sense “to organize into a system”: “Noi trattiamo sempre di sistemare e semplificare: sono le due parole magiche del giorno” (we are always busy systematizing and simplifying: they are the two magic words of the day).^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Bernardoni recorded the sense “to arrange, tidy, put in order” in 1812, and the sense “to settle, solve” is in the Milanese press in 1816.^(DELI 1999) Tommaseo still found it improper to ''sistemare'' a house or one's papers in 1873, allowing the verb only for ordering a science, a terminology or a state.^(DELI 1999)^(Tommaseo–Bellini 1861)

+

+ The reflexive ''sistemarsi'' “to find suitable lodgings” is in Mazzini before 1872.^(DELI 1999) Panzini's dictionary recorded “to find someone a job” and, of a girl, ''sistemarsi'' “to get married” in 1935; in 1942 Panzini corrected the definition to marrying for convenience more than for love.^(DELI 1999) The colloquial “to punish, to give someone what they deserve” and “to marry off” are recorded in 1960.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1668 – Zingarelli's date for the verb.^(Zingarelli 2010)

+ * 1772 – Pietro Verri uses ''sistemare'' “to systematize”.^(DELI 1999)^(GRADIT 2003)

+ * 1812 – Bernardoni records the sense “to put in order”.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1816 – The sense “to settle, resolve” is in the Milanese press.^(DELI 1999)

+ * Before 1872 – Mazzini uses ''sistemarsi'' “to find lodgings”.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1935 – Panzini records “to find a job for” and ''sistemarsi'' “to get married”.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1960 – The senses “to punish” and “to marry off” are recorded.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[ordinare|alt=arrange]], to put in order or in place: ''Prima di cena sistemo i libri sugli scaffali nuovi.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To place something where it fits: ''Abbiamo sistemato il divano sotto la finestra.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+ # To organize into a system; to set an administration or a business in order.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Zingarelli 2010)^(Treccani 2011)

+ # To [[m|en|fix]], to repair; to adjust: ''Il meccanico ha sistemato i freni della bicicletta.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(figurative)'' To settle, to [[risolvere|alt=resolve]]: ''Dobbiamo sistemare questa faccenda prima delle vacanze.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To [[alloggiare|alt=lodge]], to find somewhere to stay: ''Hanno sistemato gli ospiti nella stanza in fondo al corridoio.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+ # To find someone a steady job; to provide for someone financially.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+ # ''(colloquial)'' To marry off, especially to advantage.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Treccani 2011)

+ # ''(colloquial)'' To punish, to give someone a lesson.^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+ # ''(reflexive, sistemarsi)'' To settle in; to find lodgings, a job, or a husband or wife.^(Zingarelli 2010)^(Treccani 2011)^(Gabrielli 2020)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[sistemazione]]

+ * [[risistemare]]

+ * [[sistemabile]]

+ * [[sistematore]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[sistema]]

+ * [[sistematico]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}