pranzo Italian · revision 38107

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=late 13th century, Novellino|origins=la prandium}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /ˈpran.d͡zo/, /ˈpran.t͡so/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''pranzo''' ''m'' (plural pranzi)^(Wiktionary)

+ Old and literary Italian also had ''pranso''.^(GDLI|14, 5)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|la|prandium|t=late-morning or midday meal]], derived from [[m|la|prandeō|t=to have one's morning or midday meal]].^(DELI 1999)^(Nocentini 2010)^(Wiktionary) Its original sense must have been “first meal”.^(DELI 1999)^(GRADIT 2003)

+

+ [[sc|pranzu]], [[ro|prânz]] and [[dlm|prinz]] continue the same Latin word, and [[fro|prangier|t=to dine]] continues a verb derived from it.^(Nocentini 2010)^(REW 1935)^(Wiktionary) Beside the popular word, Italian has the learned [[prandio]].^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+

+ The Latin word is usually explained as a compound meaning “first meal”: the first part is [[itc-pro|*prāmo-|t=first]], from [[ine-pro|*prh₃-mo-]], cognate with [[lt|pirmas|t=first]], and the second the root of [[m|la|edō|t=to eat]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Nocentini 2010)^(Devoto 1968) Wiktionary compares [[grc|ἄριστον|tr=áriston|t=breakfast]] and mentions another proposal for the first part, [[ine-pro|*preh₂m|t=early]].^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The first record is the ''Novellino'', at the end of the 13th century, in the sense “the main meal of the day”: ''Dopo il pranzo parlò Socrate alli ambasciadori'' (“after the meal Socrates spoke to the ambassadors”).^(DELI 1999)^(GDLI|14, 5)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Jacopone da Todi offers a ''pranzo'' of black, hard, unleavened bread that not even a dog would gnaw, using the word for the food itself.^(GDLI|14, 5)^(Tommaseo–Bellini 1861) In ordinary use the word named the midday meal, as opposed to ''cena''; in the formal language of invitations and restaurants it can name the evening meal, as opposed to ''colazione''.^(GDLI|14, 5)^(Treccani 2011) Tommaseo describes it as the larger meal of the day, taken at midday or before nightfall.^(Tommaseo–Bellini 1861)

+

+ It also came to mean a rich meal with many guests, a banquet, as in ''pranzo di nozze'' (wedding banquet).^(GRADIT 2003)^(Zingarelli 2010) ''Pranzetto'', a simple meal, is recorded before 1768.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * Late 13th century – The ''Novellino'' has ''pranzo'' and ''pranzare''.^(DELI 1999)

+ * Before 1306 – Jacopone da Todi uses ''pranzo'' for the food eaten.^(GDLI|14, 5)

+ * Before 1768 – ''Pranzetto'' is recorded in Carlo Innocenzo Frugoni.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # The main meal of the day, especially the midday meal, [[m|en|lunch]]: ''A che ora si mangia il pranzo?''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+ # The food served at that meal: ''un pranzo leggero''.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Treccani 2011)

+ # ''(formal)'' The evening meal, [[m|en|dinner]].^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Treccani 2011)

+ # A [[m|en|banquet]], a rich meal with many guests: ''pranzo di nozze''.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+ # Lunchtime: ''Ti chiamo dopo pranzo.''^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[pranzare]]

+ * [[pranzetto]]

+ * [[dopopranzo]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[prandio]]

+ * [[la|prandium]]

+ * [[ro|prânz]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ ''Sala da pranzo'' is the dining room.^(Zingarelli 2010)^(Treccani 2011) Wiktionary gives both /ˈpran.d͡zo/ and /ˈpran.t͡so/.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}