interno Italian · revision 38104

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=1318–1320, Francesco da Barberino|origins=la inter}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /inˈtɛr.no/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''interno''' (feminine interna, masculine plural interni, feminine plural interne)^(Wiktionary)

+ Old Italian forms include ''interna'', ''interne'' and ''interane''.^(TLIO)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is a learned word, [[bor|la|internus|t=inner, internal]], formed on [[m|la|inter|t=between, among]].^(DELI 1999)^(Nocentini 2010)^(GRADIT 2003)^(Wiktionary) DELI explains the Latin word as built on an unattested [[m|la|*interus]], just as [[m|la|infernus|t=lower]] is built on [[m|la|inferus]].^(DELI 1999)^(Devoto 1968) The same Latin word gave [[fr|interne]] (14th century) and [[es|interno]].^(Nocentini 2010)^(DEI|2065)

+

+ According to DELI, all the Italian derivatives were formed later within Romance, at first mostly in medical terms.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The TLIO's first record is Francesco da Barberino's ''Reggimento e costumi di donna'' (1318–1320), with the sense “lying on the inside”;^(TLIO)^(DELI 1999)^(GDLI) DELI's first date is Dante, before 1321, who has the ''interna riva'', the inner shore, of the heavens.^(TLIO)^(DELI 1999)^(GDLI)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Old Italian already used the adjective figuratively for what concerns the soul and the mind, and for what is hidden or secret.^(TLIO) The sense “taking place within a state or a community” is recorded from Guidiccioni, before 1541.^(DELI 1999) As a noun, ''interno'' meant the inner self from Annibal Caro, before 1566, and the inside of something from Frugoni (1666); the plural for a state's home affairs dates from 1797 in Venice.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ From the 19th century the adjective and the noun named people who live or work within an institution: the boarder at a school (''alunno interno'', 1869), and a medical student or young doctor working in a hospital (1957).^(DELI 1999) In football ''interno'' was an inside forward (1953), and in film ''interni'' are scenes shot in a studio (1942).^(DELI 1999) In addresses ''interno'' is the number of a flat in a building, and on the telephone an extension.^(Zingarelli 2010)^(Gabrielli 2020)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1318–1320 – Francesco da Barberino uses ''interno''.^(TLIO)

+ * Before 1321 – Dante speaks of the ''interna riva''.^(DELI 1999)

+ * Before 1541 – Guidiccioni uses it for what happens inside a state.^(DELI 1999)

+ * Before 1566 – Annibal Caro uses the noun for the inner self.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1666 – Frugoni uses the noun for the inside of something.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1869 – Tommaseo–Bellini records ''alunno interno'', a boarder.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1942 – ''Interni'' is recorded for film scenes shot indoors.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1957 – ''Interno'' is recorded for a hospital intern.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Inside, [[m|en|internal]], [[m|en|inner]]: ''La giacca ha una tasca interna con la cerniera.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+ # Facing inwards or towards the centre: ''la parte interna del ginocchio''.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Treccani 2011)

+ # ''(geography)'' Inland, without access to the sea, ''acque interne'' are rivers, lakes and canals.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+ # [[m|en|domestic]], within a country's borders: ''politica interna'', ''voli interni''.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+ # Within an organization or a group: ''Il partito è diviso da lotte interne.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+ # ''(medicine)'' Relating to the internal organs: ''medicina interna''.^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+ # ''(figurative)'' Of the mind or feelings, [[interiore|alt=inward]]: ''una voce interna''.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Gabrielli 2020)

+ # Of a person, living or working inside an institution: ''un alunno interno'', ''un membro interno della commissione''.^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Treccani 2011)

+ # ''(sports)'' Played at home: ''una vittoria interna''.^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)^(Treccani 2011)

+

+ ===Noun===

+ # The [[m|en|inside]], the [[m|en|interior]]: ''L'interno della chiesa è affrescato.''^(Wiktionary)^(Tommaseo–Bellini 1861)^(DELI 1999)

+ # ''(figurative)'' A person's inner self.^(DELI 1999)^(Tommaseo–Bellini 1861)

+ # A flat in a building, and its number: ''Abito in via Roma 5, interno 12.''^(Zingarelli 2010)^(Gabrielli 2020)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A telephone [[m|en|extension]].^(Wiktionary)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+ # An [[m|en|intern]], a doctor or medical student working in a hospital.^(DELI 1999)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(in the plural, cinema)'' Scenes shot indoors or in a studio.^(DELI 1999)

+ # ''(in the plural, politics)'' Home affairs.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[internamente]]

+ * [[internare]]

+ * [[internamento]]

+ * [[internato]]

+ * [[internista]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[all'interno]]

+ * [[dall'interno]]

+ * [[interiore]]

+ * [[dentro]]

+ * [[la|inter]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}