saltare Italian · revision 38084

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=before 1294, Brunetto Latini|origins=la saliō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /salˈta.re/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''saltare''' (first-person singular present sàlto, first-person singular past historic saltài, past participle saltàto, auxiliary (intransitively in the literal meaning "to jump to/from somewhere in a single movement", or in most figurative intransitive meanings) èssere or (transitively, or intransitively in the literal meaning "to jump (in general, or in several movements)") avére)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|la|saltō|t=to dance; to leap]], the intensive or frequentative of [[m|la|saliō|t=to jump]].^(DELI 1999)^(Nocentini 2010)^(GRADIT 2003)^(Wiktionary) In Italian “saltare” took over the meaning of “saliō”, while [[salire]] came to mean “to go up”.^(Devoto 1968) The cooking sense “to sauté” is a calque of [[fr|sauter]], used in this way from 1767.^(DELI 1999)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+

+ Nocentini calls the verb panromance: [[fr|sauter]], [[oc|sautar]], [[ca|saltar]], [[es|saltar]], [[pt|saltar]], [[ro|sălta]] and Vegliote [[m|dlm|satuar]].^(Nocentini 2010)^(REW 1935) Meyer-Lübke separates the sense “to dance”, kept in Engadine [[m|rm|soter]] and Old Spanish [[m|es|sotar]], whence the dance [[m|es|jota]], from “to jump”, which is the meaning nearly everywhere.^(REW 1935)

+

+ The Latin “saliō” is of uncertain origin; the LIV compares [[grc|ἅλλομαι|tr=hállomai|t=to leap]] and reconstructs [[ine-pro|*sel-]], but the vowel of the Latin verb does not fit easily.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The first record is in Brunetto Latini, before 1294, in the sense “to spring up from the ground and come down again”.^(DELI 1999)^(GRADIT 2003) His ''Tesoro'' describes the dolphin as a fish that leaps out of the water, some even onto ships.^(Tommaseo–Bellini 1861)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Several senses are early: “to burst out, spurt” about 1350 in the translation of Crescenzi, “to mount, jump onto” in Boccaccio (1348–1353), and the figurative “to pass from one point to another unconnected one” in Dante.^(DELI 1999) Like Latin “saltō”, the verb also meant “to dance”, a sense now literary.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Prati 1951) The transitive “to jump over” is in Machiavelli, before 1527, and “to leave out, skip” in Varchi, before 1565.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ Modern Italian uses ''saltare'' for things that break, burst or fail: a fuse blows, a button comes off, a government falls, a plan is called off.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Wiktionary) Kitchen Italian has ''saltare'' “to sauté” from 1905, and ''patate saltate'' from 1922.^(DELI 1999) Compounds and derivatives record games and trades: ''saltimbanco'' “acrobat” (from ''saltare in banco'', before 1566), ''saltimbocca'' (1855), the Roman dish that “jumps into the mouth”, and ''saltarello'', a lively dance of the 15th century.^(DELI 1999)^(Nocentini 2010)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * Before 1294 – Brunetto Latini uses ''saltare''.^(DELI 1999)

+ * Before 1321 – Dante uses it of passing from one subject to another.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1336 – ''Salto'' “a jump” in Boccaccio.^(DELI 1999)

+ * Before 1527 – Transitive “to jump over” in Machiavelli.^(DELI 1999)

+ * Before 1565 – “To leave out” in Varchi.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1767 – French ''sauter'' in the cooking sense.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1905 – The cooking sense in Italian, in Panzini's dictionary.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # ''(intransitive)'' To [[m|en|jump]], leap off the ground: ''I bambini saltavano sul letto.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(intransitive)'' To jump into, onto or down from something: ''saltare nel fiume'', ''saltare sull'autobus''.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Treccani 2011)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(sport)'' To perform a jump: ''saltare in alto'', ''in lungo'', ''con l'asta''.^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+ # ''(intransitive)'' Of a thing, to come off, pop off, fly out: ''Mi è saltato via un bottone.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Zingarelli 2010)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(intransitive)'' To [[m|en|explode]], blow up; of a device, to stop working: ''Sono saltate le luci in tutto il palazzo.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(intransitive, figurative)'' Of a person, to be removed from a post; of a plan or event, to be cancelled: ''Per lo sciopero è saltata la riunione.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(literary)'' To dance.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(transitive)'' To jump over, clear: ''saltare un ruscello''.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(transitive, figurative)'' To [[m|en|skip]], leave out: ''saltare un capitolo'', ''saltare la colazione''.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Wikizionario)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(cooking)'' To [[m|en|sauté]]: ''Ho saltato i funghi in padella con l'aglio.''^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Wikizionario)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[salto]]

+ * [[saltello]]

+ * [[saltellare]]

+ * [[saltarello]]

+ * [[salterello]]

+ * [[saltatore]]

+ * [[saltimbanco]]

+ * [[saltimbocca]]

+ * [[saltimpalo]]

+ * [[risaltare]]

+ * [[risalto]]

+ * [[soprassalto]]

+ * [[saltuario]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[salire]]

+ * [[sussultare]]

+ * [[la|saltō]]

+ * [[fr|sauter]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ ''Saltare'' takes ''avere'' for the act of jumping itself and when transitive (''ho saltato due metri''), and ''essere'' for a jump to or from a place and in most figurative senses (''è saltato giù dal letto'', ''è saltata la luce'').^(Zingarelli 2010)^(Wiktionary) Common phrases include ''saltare fuori'' “to turn up”, ''saltare in mente'' “to occur to someone”, ''saltare agli occhi'' “to be obvious” and ''saltare di palo in frasca'' “to jump from one subject to another”.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}