sparire Italian · revision 37995

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=1266|origins=la pāreō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /spaˈri.re/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''sparire''' (first-person singular present sparìsco, first-person singular past historic spàrvi or (less common) sparìi or (ditto) spàrsi, past participle sparìto, auxiliary èssere)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[apparire|t=to appear]] with its prefix replaced by [[s-]], which reverses the meaning.^(DELI 1999)^(Nocentini 2010)^(GRADIT 2003)^(Wiktionary) Devoto calls it a calque on that verb, with an ⟨s-⟩ of removal in place of the ⟨ad-⟩ of approach.^(Devoto 1968) [[m|it|apparire|alt=Apparire]] continues [[la|appāreō|t=to appear]], from [[m|la|ad-]] and [[m|la|pāreō|t=to appear, be visible]].^(Wiktionary)

+

+ Meyer-Lübke instead posits [[la-vul|*disparēscō|alt=*disparēscere|t=to vanish]].^(REW 1935) DEI and Zingarelli compare [[disparire]], and Tommaseo cites [[la-med|dispareō]].^(DEI)^(Zingarelli 2010)^(Tommaseo–Bellini 1861) Compare [[scn|spariri]].^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Zingarelli dates the verb to 1266.^(Zingarelli 2010) DELI's first record is the ''Novellino'', of the late 13th century, in the sense “to vanish from sight, especially suddenly or causing surprise”; in one tale a shadow vanishes when the water is stirred: “l'acqua s'intorbidò, e l'ombra sparìo”.^(DELI 1999)^(Tommaseo–Bellini 1861)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Dante uses the verb for figures who vanish from sight: “Così sparì; e io su mi levai” (so he vanished; and I rose up), of Cato in the ''Purgatorio''.^(GDLI|19, 712)^(Tommaseo–Bellini 1861) The sense “to be used up quickly” is recorded in Passavanti in 1354.^(DELI 1999) The sense “to go missing”, of things that are stolen or lost, appears in the 19th century: a Milan paper of 1840 speaks of a pickpocket who makes a handkerchief vanish from a pocket.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ''Sparizione'' “disappearance” is recorded in 1585, in Giovan Maria Cecchi.^(DELI 1999) Euphemistic uses grew up for death (''sparire dalla faccia della terra'') and for murder (''far sparire qualcuno'').^(GRADIT 2003)^(Zingarelli 2010)^(Treccani 2011)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1266 – The verb is first recorded.^(Zingarelli 2010)

+ * Late 13th century – The ''Novellino'' uses it for vanishing from sight.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1354 – Passavanti uses it for being used up quickly.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1585 – ''Sparizione'' is recorded.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1840 – A Milan newspaper uses ''far sparire'' for stealing.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|disappear]], to [[m|en|vanish]] from sight, often suddenly: ''Il gatto è sparito sotto il divano.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To cease to exist, to fade away: ''Con il tempo il dolore sparirà.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Treccani 2011)

+ # Of things, to go missing; to be stolen: ''Mi è sparito il telefono dalla borsa.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Treccani 2011)

+ # ''(colloquial)'' Of food, to be eaten up quickly: ''Le paste sono sparite in cinque minuti.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+ # Of a person, to become impossible to find, ''sparisci!'', get lost!: ''Da quando ha cambiato lavoro è sparito.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Treccani 2011)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+ # To leave a field or activity for good: ''sparire dalle scene''.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)

+ # ''(euphemistic)'' To die: ''sparire dalla faccia della terra''.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Zingarelli 2010)^(Treccani 2011)

+ # ''far sparire'': to hide or steal something; to kill someone.^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)^(Treccani 2011)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[sparizione]]

+ * [[risparire]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[apparire]]

+ * [[scomparire]]

+ * [[disparire]]

+ * [[comparire]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ The verb takes ''essere'' and is conjugated like ''apparire'': the present is ''sparisco'', and the past historic ''sparii'' beside the literary ''sparvi''.^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)^(Treccani 2011) Its opposite is ''apparire''.^(Zingarelli 2010)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}