preparare Italian · revision 37947

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=1353, Giovanni Boccaccio|origins=la parō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /pre.paˈra.re/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''preparare''' (first-person singular present prepàro, first-person singular past historic preparài, past participle preparàto, auxiliary avére)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is a learned borrowing, [[bor|la|praeparō|t=to make ready beforehand]], from [[m|la|prae-|t=before]] and [[m|la|parō|t=to make ready, provide]].^(DELI 1999)^(Nocentini 2010)^(GRADIT 2003)^(Wiktionary) Körting notes that the verb is learned in every Romance language, as in [[fr|préparer]] and [[es|preparar]].^(Körting 1907)^(Nocentini 2010) DEI dates [[frm|préparer]] to the 14th century.^(DEI|3065)

+

+ DELI connects [[m|la|parō]] with [[m|la|pariō|t=to give birth]], as if it first meant to provide one's husband with a son.^(DELI 1999) De Vaan explains it instead as a verb made from a noun meaning “provision”, from a root meaning “to provide, grant”, and compares [[grc|ἔπορον|tr=époron|t=provided, gave]].^(de Vaan 2008) The simple verb is continued by [[parare]].^(Nocentini 2010)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ DELI's first record is in Boccaccio (1353), for making something ready for use by supplying what it needs: in the ''Decameron'' the storytellers are told that whatever the new queen decides “si possa preparare” (may be prepared) for the next morning.^(DELI 1999)^(Tommaseo–Bellini 1861) GRADIT dates the word 1348–1353.^(GRADIT 2003)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Related learned words came in at about the same time: ''preparazione'' is in Dante, ''preparativo'' in the ''Fioretti di San Francesco'', and ''preparato'' “ready” in the translation of the Abbot Isaac.^(DELI 1999) The reflexive ''prepararsi'' “to get ready” is recorded in Michele Savonarola (before 1468).^(DELI 1999) Medicine and pharmacy used the verb for compounding remedies from 1623, chemistry from the 19th century, and music for preparing a dissonance from 1745.^(DEI|3065)^(Tommaseo–Bellini 1861)

+

+ The noun ''preparato'' “a pharmaceutical preparation” dates from 1839–1841, and the sense “trained, well-prepared” from Annibal Caro (before 1566).^(DELI 1999) In 1871 Tommaseo recorded the senses “to put someone in the right frame of mind” and “to have in store”.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * Before 1321 – Dante uses ''preparazione''.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1353 – Boccaccio uses ''preparare''.^(DELI 1999)

+ * Before 1468 – Michele Savonarola uses ''prepararsi''.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1623 – The Florentine ''Ricettario'' uses the verb for preparing medicines.^(DEI|3065)

+ * 1839–1841 – ''Preparato'' is recorded for a pharmaceutical product.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1871 – Tommaseo records the senses “to have in store” and “to get someone ready”.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|prepare]], to get something ready for use: ''Hai già preparato lo zaino per la gita?''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To make a dish or a drink: ''Stasera preparo le lasagne.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+ # To organize, to arrange everything needed for an event: ''preparare una festa'', ''preparare un trasloco''.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)

+ # To work out or draft a text: ''Sta preparando la tesi di laurea.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+ # To study for an exam or a competition: ''preparare un esame''.^(Zingarelli 2010)^(Gabrielli 2020)

+ # To [[m|en|train]] or [[m|en|coach]] someone for a test: ''L'allenatore prepara la squadra per la finale.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To get someone ready in body or mind: ''Bisogna prepararla alla brutta notizia.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+ # ''(figurative)'' To have in store: ''Chissà che cosa ci prepara il domani.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+ # ''(chemistry)'' To produce a substance by a reaction.^(Devoto–Oli 2026)

+ # ''prepararsi'': to get ready, to prepare oneself; of an event, to be coming: ''Sembra che si prepari un acquazzone.''^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Gabrielli 2020)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[preparativo]]

+ * [[preparato]]

+ * [[preparatore]]

+ * [[preparatorio]]

+ * [[preparazione]]

+ * [[impreparato]]

+ * [[ripreparare]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[parare]]

+ * [[apparecchiare]]

+ * [[la|praeparō]]

+ * [[fr|préparer]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ ''Preparare il terreno'' means to pave the way for something.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}