deliro Latin · revision 3792

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Plautus|origins=ine-pro *lois-h₂-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [deːˈliː.roː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [deˈliː.ro]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''dēlīrō''' (present infinitive dēlīrāre, perfect active dēlīrāvī); first conjugation, no passive, no supine stem^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[de|alt=dē]] and [[lira|alt=līra]] “furrow”, literally “to go out of the furrow”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan thinks it grew from a phrase *dē līrād (īre), “to go off the track”.^(de Vaan 2008) ''Līra'' is [[m|itc-pro|*loisā-]], from [[ine-pro|*lois-h₂-|t=furrow, track]].^(de Vaan 2008) Archaic spellings are [[m|la|dēlēro]] and [[m|la|dēleiro]].^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ A character in Plautus says “the wife is raving, she is seized by black bile”.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Its literal sense, to stray from the ridges in ploughing, survived as a farmers' word, as Pliny explains, and Ausonius uses it of a rule that does not deviate.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) It mainly meant to be out of one's mind, as Terence's man raving with fear and Cicero's “dreams of madmen”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Romance kept it, as Italian [[m|it|delirare]].^(Wiktionary) English ''delirium'' comes from its derivative ''dēlīrium'', borrowed in the 1590s.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of a raving wife.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence uses it of a man mad with fear.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero speaks of madmen's dreams.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 23/24–79 AD – Pliny the Elder explains its farming sense.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1590s – English ''delirium'' is borrowed.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To deviate from the [[m|en|furrow]]; to deviate from a straight line.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To be [[m|en|deranged]], out of one's mind, to [[m|en|rave]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[dēlīrāmentum]]

+ * [[dēlīrātiō]]

+ * [[dēlīrus]]

+ * [[dēlīritās]]

+ * [[dēlīrium]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[lira]]

+ * [[en|delirium]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}