cavea Latin · revision 3791

15 Oct 2026, 20:22 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Plautus|origins=ine-pro *ḱouH-ó-}}
+ 
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈka.we.a]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈkaː.ve.a]^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Forms==
+ '''cavea''' ''f'' (genitive caveae); first declension^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is a derivative of [[cavus]] “hollow”, made like [[alveus]] from [[alvus]], from a feminine of an adjective *caveus.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) ''Cavus'' is [[m|itc-pro|*kawo-]], from [[ine-pro|*ḱouH-ó-|t=hollow]].^(de Vaan 2008)
+ 
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ A Plautine character threatens “I'll put you in a cage” to one who says he will become like a wild bird.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+ 
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It meant a cage, coop or enclosure for birds and animals, a stall or beehive, a fence round young plants in Columella, and a wicker crate, as in Apuleius' story of a lover hidden under one.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) It was also the auditorium of a theatre, the spectators' seats at games.^(OLD 2012)
+ 
+ It kept the sense of a hollow or cavity, as the eye sockets and the roof of the mouth in Prudentius.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) In medieval Latin it meant a cellar, a mine shaft, a box.^(Niermeyer 1976) English ''cage'' came from it through Old French around 1200, and ''jail'' through Late Latin ''caveola''.^(Etymonline)
+ 
+ ==Timeline==
+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of a bird cage.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 1st century AD – Columella uses it of fences round vines.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * c. 1200 – English ''cage'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+ 
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Noun===
+ # A [[m|en|cage]], coop, enclosure (for birds or animals); a beehive.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)
+ # A fence round plants.^(OLD 2012)
+ # A basket, crate.^(OLD 2012)
+ # The [[m|en|auditorium]] of a theatre; the spectators.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)
+ # A hollow, [[m|en|cavity]]; the eye socket.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)
+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A [[m|en|cellar]]; a mine shaft.^(Niermeyer 1976)
+ 
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[caveola]]
+ 
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[cavus]]
+ * [[en|cage]]
+ * [[en|jail]]
+ 
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}