charta Latin · revision 3790

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=Lucilius|origins=grc χάρτης}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈkʰar.ta], [ˈkʰar.taː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈkar.ta], [ˈkar.ta]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''charta''' ''f'' (genitive chartae); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|grc|χάρτης|tr=khártēs|t=sheet of papyrus]], with a change to the feminine.^(Wiktionary)^(OLD 2012)^(TLL) Etymonline says the Greek word is probably from Egyptian.^(Etymonline) Lucilius has a masculine [[chartus]].^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Lucilius uses the masculine ''chartus''.^(Lewis & Short 1879) The Rhetorica ad Herennium compares the places of memory to wax or paper.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant paper made from papyrus, or a sheet of it, and writing material, as Cicero's ''charta dentata'' “polished paper”.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) It meant written pages and rolls, literary works, as Cicero's Etruscan books, and a thin sheet of metal, as Nero's lead plate in Suetonius.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ In medieval Latin it meant any written document, whether papyrus or parchment: a letter, a mandate, a charter.^(Niermeyer 1976) It also came to mean a map.^(Wiktionary) English ''card'' comes from it through Old French in the early 15th century, and ''chart'' through French in the 1570s.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 180–102 BC – Lucilius has the masculine ''chartus''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of paper and of books.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 75–c. 150 AD – Suetonius uses it of a sheet of lead.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * early 15th century – English ''card'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1570s – English ''chart'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # [[m|en|Papyrus]] paper, a sheet of it.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Writing material, paper.^(OLD 2012)

+ # A written work, a book; a [[m|en|letter]], poem.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A thin sheet of metal.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A written document, [[m|en|charter]].^(Niermeyer 1976)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A [[m|en|map]].^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[chartāceus]]

+ * [[chartārius]]

+ * [[charteus]]

+ * [[chartula]]

+ * [[chartus]]

+ * [[chartārium]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[en|card]]

+ * [[en|chart]]

+ * [[en|charter]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}