ordine Italian · revision 37830

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=late 13th century, Novellino|origins=la ōrdō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /ˈor.di.ne/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''ordine''' ''m'' (plural ordini)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|la|ōrdō|t=row, line; rank; order]], from the accusative.^(DELI 1999)^(Nocentini 2010)^(GRADIT 2003)^(Wiktionary) DEI and the GDLI class it as a learned word, while Nocentini lists it among the words common to all Romance languages: there the popular outcome is [[fro|orne|t=rank]], beside the learned [[fr|ordre]], and the word is [[oc|orde]], [[es|orden]], [[pt|ordem]] and [[sc|órdine]].^(DEI|2670)^(GDLI)^(Nocentini 2010)^(REW 1935) The Latin noun also passed into Old Irish as [[m|sga|ord]] and into Old High German as [[m|goh|ordena]].^(DEI|2670)

+

+ According to DELI the word first belonged to technical language, for the order of the threads in the weft; from there it came to mean a row, a citizen's place in the legal and religious order, a place in battle and finally a command.^(DELI 1999) Nocentini places it in the family of [[m|la|ōrdior|t=to lay the warp]], the source of [[ordire]], and traces it to [[ine-pro|*h₂er-|t=to fit together]].^(Nocentini 2010) De Vaan finds that link attractive but notes that the extension in /d/ is not attested elsewhere for that root, and GRADIT and DELI call the origin uncertain.^(de Vaan 2008)^(GRADIT 2003)^(DELI 1999) The original Latin verb from the noun was [[m|la|ōrnō|t=to equip; to adorn]], and [[m|la|ōrdinō|t=to arrange]] was made later, when the link with the noun had faded.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ DELI's first record is in the ''Novellino'' (late 13th century), for the arrangement of things in space or time according to a plan.^(DELI 1999)^(GRADIT 2003)^(Nocentini 2010) Old Italian also had the forms ''órdene'', ''órdeno'' and ''ordino'', and early writers sometimes made the noun feminine.^(GDLI)^(Tommaseo–Bellini 1861|3, 646)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Most of the modern senses are in place by the 14th century: “class, rank” in Giovanni Villani (before 1348), “religious order”, “command” and “commission, order for goods” in Boccaccio (1348–1353), and the sacrament of holy orders, ''ordine sagrato'', in Giordano da Pisa (before 1311).^(DELI 1999) The military sense “formation” follows in Machiavelli (before 1527), “sequence, ranking” in Ariosto (1532), the taxonomic rank in a translation of Buffon (1771), and “professional body” in Tommaseo (1869).^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ''Ordine del giorno'' “agenda” has been claimed as English, but it was always taken for a French parliamentary phrase (French 1778, English 1792), and purists opposed it in vain.^(DELI 1999) ''Fino a nuovo ordine'' “until further notice” is a calque of French, as are military phrases such as ''ritirarsi in buon ordine''.^(DELI 1999)^(Devoto–Oli 2026) The verb ''ordinare'' (late 13th century) and the adjective ''ordinario'' come from the Latin derivatives of the noun.^(DELI 1999)^(Nocentini 2010)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * Late 13th century – The ''Novellino'' uses ''ordine'' for arrangement.^(DELI 1999)

+ * Before 1311 – Giordano da Pisa uses ''ordine sagrato'' for holy orders.^(DELI 1999)

+ * Before 1348 – Giovanni Villani uses it for a social class.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1348–1353 – Boccaccio uses it for a religious order and for a command.^(DELI 1999)

+ * Before 1527 – Machiavelli uses it for a military formation.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1771 – It is used for a rank in the classification of animals.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1778 – French ''ordre du jour'' is recorded, the model of ''ordine del giorno''.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # [[m|en|order]], tidiness, the right arrangement of things: ''Metti in ordine la tua scrivania.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Wiktionary)

+ # The criterion or sequence of an arrangement: ''in ordine alfabetico''.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+ # Discipline, the keeping of rules; public order: ''Il presidente ha richiamato all'ordine i deputati.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+ # A [[m|en|command]], instruction: ''Il capitano diede l'ordine di partire all'alba.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(commerce)'' An order for goods or services: ''Abbiamo ricevuto un ordine di cento copie.''^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Treccani 2011)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Kind, category, level of quality: ''un albergo di prim'ordine''.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)

+ # A professional body: ''l'ordine dei medici''.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)

+ # A religious order, or a medieval order of knights: ''l'ordine dei Francescani''.^(GRADIT 2003)^(DELI 1999)

+ # ''(religion)'' Holy orders, the sacrament of the priesthood; a grade of the church hierarchy.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)

+ # ''(biology)'' An order, the rank between class and family.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Zingarelli 2010)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(architecture)'' One of the classical orders: ''ordine dorico''.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[ordinare]]

+ * [[ordinario]]

+ * [[ordinale]]

+ * [[ordinamento]]

+ * [[ordinanza]]

+ * [[disordine]]

+ * [[contrordine]]

+ * [[sottordine]]

+ * [[straordinario]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[ordinazione]]

+ * [[ordire]]

+ * [[ornare]]

+ * [[coordinare]]

+ * [[la|ordo]]

+ * [[fr|ordre]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ ''Ordine del giorno'' is the agenda of a meeting, and ''all'ordine del giorno'' means “on the agenda” or, figuratively, “everyday”.^(DELI 1999)^(GRADIT 2003) ''In ordine a'' means “with regard to” in bureaucratic language.^(Devoto–Oli 2026)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}