hundred English · revision 3783

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=c. 950|origins=ine-pro *ḱm̥tóm}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /ˈhʌn.drəd/^(Roach et al. 2011)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|ang|hundred|t=the number 100, a count of 100]],^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988) a compound of [[m|ang|hund|t=hundred]] and an element meaning “count, reckoning”,^(Barnhart 1988)^(NODE 1998) from [[gem-pro|*hundaraþą]],^(Etymonline) which is also the source of Old Frisian hundred, Old Saxon hunderod, Dutch honderd, German hundert and Old Norse hundrað “120”.^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988)^(Hoad 1986) The first element, [[gem-pro|*hundą]], is from [[ine-pro|*ḱm̥tóm|t=hundred]],^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988) reduced from *dkm-tom-, from [[ine-pro|*dekm-|t=ten]],^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988) and is related to Latin centum, Greek hekatón, Lithuanian šimtas and Sanskrit śatám.^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988)^(Hoad 1986) The second is [[gem-pro|*raþ-|t=reckoning, number]], as in Gothic raþjo “account, number”.^(Etymonline)^(Hoad 1986) It is related to [[cent]], [[century]], [[hectare]] and [[ten]].^(Cresswell 2021)^(Barnhart 1988)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The number: about 950 in Barnhart and the OED.^(Barnhart 1988)^(OED 1989) The common Old English word was simple hund, and Old English also used hund-teontig.^(Etymonline)^(Cresswell 2021)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In Old English ''hundred'' also named a division of a county or shire with its own court, probably representing 100 hides of land;^(Etymonline)^(Cresswell 2021) it survives in some British place names and in Delaware.^(Etymonline) Old Norse hundrað meant 120, the “great hundred”.^(Barnhart 1988) The ''Hundred Days'' was the period between Napoleon's restoration and his final abdication in 1815, so named from 1827,^(Etymonline)^(OED 1989) and the ''Hundred Years War'' (1337–1453) was first so called in 1874.^(Etymonline)^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 950 – the number.^(Barnhart 1988)^(OED 1989)

+ * Old English – a division of a shire.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1827 – ''the Hundred Days''.^(OED 1989)

+ * 1874 – ''Hundred Years War''.^(Etymonline)^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Noun===

+ # The [[cardinal number]] equal to ten times ten (100).^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)

+ # ''hundreds'': a large indefinite number.^(MW Collegiate)

+ # A banknote worth 100 dollars or pounds.^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)

+ # A historical division of an English [[county]].^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)

+

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Being ten times ten.^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[hundredfold]]

+ * [[hundredth]]

+ * [[hundredweight]]

+ * [[Hundred Years' War]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[cent]]

+ * [[century]]

+ * [[centennial]]

+ * [[hectare]]

+ * [[ten]]

+ * [[thousand]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}