ricevere Italian · revision 37792

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=second half of the 12th century|origins=la capiō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /riˈt͡ʃe.ve.re/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''ricevere''' (first-person singular present ricévo, first-person singular past historic ricevétti or (traditional) ricevètti or ricevéi, past participle ricevùto, auxiliary avére)^(Wiktionary)

+ Old forms include [[roa-oit|recevere]], [[roa-oit|recévare]], [[roa-oit|reciévere]], [[roa-oit|recìvere]] and [[roa-oit|ricéere]], and the past historic ''ricévvi''.^(GDLI|16, 76)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|la|recipiō|t=to take back; receive, admit]], formed from [[m|la|capiō|t=to take]] with the prefix [[m|la|re-|t=back]].^(DELI 1999)^(Nocentini 2010)^(GRADIT 2003)^(Wiktionary) DELI calls the Italian forms partly learned and partly popular, and points to the northern change of /p/ to /v/ between vowels.^(DELI 1999) DEI notes that the verb belongs to Tuscany, Umbria and Rome and to Alpine Lombardy, is replaced by [[lmo|ciapà]] in Trentino, Brescia and Bergamo, and must have come from northern Italy because of the voiced consonant;^(DEI|3248)^(Wiktionary) Wiktionary also suggests a loan from a Gallo-Italic dialect.^(DEI|3248)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ The Latin verb, much used by Christian writers of the 3rd century, has popular outcomes across western Romance: [[fr|recevoir]], [[oc|recebre]], [[ca|rebre]], [[es|recibir]] and [[pt|receber]].^(DEI|3248)^(Nocentini 2010)^(REW 1935) In the 14th century it is [[m|scn|rechipiri]] in Sicily.^(DEI|3248) The learned doublet is [[recepire]].^(GRADIT 2003)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ The simple verb [[m|la|capiō]] goes back to [[itc-pro|*kapiō]] and is related to [[got|𐌷𐌰𐍆𐌾𐌰𐌽|tr=hafjan|t=to lift]]; de Vaan leaves open whether its root was Indo-European, [[ine-pro|*kh₂p-]], or borrowed from a non-Indo-European source.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ GRADIT and Nocentini date the verb to the second half of the 12th century.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Nocentini 2010) DELI's first record is in Bono Giamboni's ''Libro de' Vizî e delle Virtudi'', before 1292, for accepting what is given, sent or solemnly conferred;^(DELI 1999) Giamboni also uses it for admitting someone to one's presence.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In the 14th century the verb took on the senses “to collect (money)”, in the notebook of a Pisan merchant early in the century, and “to suffer, undergo” in Boccaccio (1348–1353).^(DELI 1999) Salimbene (1281–1288) quotes a vernacular proverb with the latter sense: “L'asen dà per la paré: botta dà, botta receve” (the donkey kicks the wall: it gives a blow and gets a blow).^(DELI 1999) The senses “to admit (a person)” (Domenico Cavalca, before 1342), “to welcome on arrival” (Giovanni Villani, before 1348) and “to hold, contain” (c. 1350) followed.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ The intransitive use “to hold a reception, see visitors” was condemned as an error by Lissoni in 1831.^(DELI 1999) The sense “to pick up (radio or telephone signals)” is recorded in 1959.^(DELI 1999) Among the derivatives, ''ricevuta'' “receipt” was taken from the formula of acknowledgment ''dichiaro di aver ricevuta la somma di…'' (I declare I have received the sum of…), a calque of the Latin ''cognosco me recepisse''.^(DELI 1999) ''Ricevimento'' meant a reception of guests from 1675 and a party from 1872, and ''ricetrasmettitore'', a radio transceiver, is of 1963.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * Second half of the 12th century – ''Ricevere'' is first recorded.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Nocentini 2010)

+ * 1281–1288 – Salimbene quotes a vernacular proverb with ''receve''.^(DELI 1999)

+ * Before 1292 – Bono Giamboni uses it for accepting and for admitting a person.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1304–1308 – Dante uses ''ricevitore''.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1348–1353 – Boccaccio uses it for undergoing a hurt.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1831 – Lissoni condemns its intransitive use “to receive visitors”.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1959 – The sense “to pick up signals” is recorded.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|receive]], get something that is given, sent or conferred: ''Ho ricevuto il tuo messaggio solo stamattina.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+ # To suffer or undergo something unpleasant, such as a wrong or a blow: ''Ha ricevuto un colpo in testa.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+ # To draw or get a benefit or effect from something.^(GRADIT 2003)

+ # To be exposed to (wind, light): ''La cucina riceve poca luce.''^(GRADIT 2003)

+ # To [[m|en|welcome]] someone, admit them to one's presence: ''Ci ricevettero con grande cortesia.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+ # To see visitors or clients, also without an object: ''L'avvocato riceve solo su appuntamento.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+ # To pick up a radio, television or telephone [[m|en|signal]].^(GRADIT 2003)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[ricevuta]]

+ * [[ricevimento]]

+ * [[ricevente]]

+ * [[ricevitore]]

+ * [[ricevitoria]]

+ * [[ricezione]]

+ * [[ricetrasmettitore]]

+ * [[ricevibile]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[recettore]]

+ * [[ricetta]]

+ * [[ricettare]]

+ * [[ricetto]]

+ * [[ricettivo]]

+ * [[recepire]]

+ * [[la|recipiō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}