marito Italian · revision 37765

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=late 12th century, rent records of the Badia di Coltibuono}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /maˈri.to/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''marito''' ''m'' (plural mariti, diminutive maritìno, augmentative maritóne, pejorative maritàccio or maritùccio)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|la|maritus|alt=marītus|t=married; husband]].^(Nocentini 2010)^(GRADIT 2003)^(Wiktionary)^(REW 1935) DELI calls it a learned word, but Nocentini and Meyer-Lübke treat it as inherited.^(DELI 1999)^(Nocentini 2010)^(REW 1935) In Latin it was first an adjective of farming: trees were said to be “married” to the vines they supported in Columella.^(DELI 1999)^(Devoto 1968) As a noun it replaced [[la|vir|t=man]] in the sense “husband”.^(DEI|2369)

+

+ The same word is [[fr|mari]], [[oc|marit]], [[ca|marit]], [[es|marido]], [[pt|marido]], [[sc|maridu]], [[fur|marid]] and [[dlm|marait]].^(Nocentini 2010)^(REW 1935)^(Körting 1907) It is missing from Romanian, from the southern Italian dialects and, from the modern French dialects, which say “my man” instead.^(REW 1935)^(DEI|2369)

+

+ DELI, GRADIT and the OLD call the origin of the Latin word uncertain.^(DELI 1999)^(GRADIT 2003)^(OLD 2012) Nocentini and de Vaan see in it a possessive derivative, “provided with a young woman”, of a stem [[ine-pro|*mor-ih₂-|t=young woman]], comparing [[grc|μεῖραξ|tr=meîrax|t=boy, girl]], [[sa|मर्य|tr=márya|t=young man]], [[lt|martì|t=bride]] and [[cy|merch|t=daughter]].^(Nocentini 2010)^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) The Romans connected it with [[la|mas|alt=mās|t=male]], and Devoto thinks that link gave it its male sense.^(Devoto 1968)^(Prati 1951|637)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The first record is in the rent records of the Badia di Coltibuono, in Tuscany, from the end of the 12th century, and the form ''marì'' appears in the bilingual dialogue of Raimbaut de Vaqueiras before 1194.^(DELI 1999) The sense is “husband”.^(DELI 1999)^(Nocentini 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The verb ''maritare'', “to give a woman in marriage”, is recorded before 1250, ''maritata'' “married woman” in Cielo d'Alcamo in the same period, and the reflexive ''maritarsi'' “to take a husband” in 1276.^(DELI 1999) Boccaccio's ''lasagne maritate'' (about 1354–1355) uses the participle of a dish that combines several ingredients.^(DELI 1999) Dante calls the pope the husband (''marito'') of the Church.^(GRADIT 2003)

+

+ The farming sense of Latin survives: ''marito'' is still the tree, such as an elm or a mulberry, that supports a vine.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026) In Rome and Lombardy it has been a slang name for a bed-warmer since the 18th century.^(DEI|2369)^(Devoto–Oli 2026) The Roman sweet bun ''maritozzo'', which engaged men gave their sweethearts in Lent, is derived from it.^(Prati 1951|637) The proverb ''tra moglie e marito non mettere il dito'' warns against interfering between spouses.^(Treccani 2011)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * Before 1194 – Raimbaut de Vaqueiras writes ''marì''.^(DELI 1999)

+ * Late 12th century – The rent records of the Badia di Coltibuono have ''marito''.^(DELI 1999)

+ * Before 1250 – ''Maritare'' and ''maritata'' are recorded.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1276 – ''Maritarsi'' “to take a husband” is recorded.^(DELI 1999)

+ * About 1354–1355 – Boccaccio writes of ''lasagne maritate''.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 14th century – ''Maritale'' is recorded.^(DELI 1999)^(Nocentini 2010)

+ * 18th century – ''Marito'' “bed-warmer” is recorded as slang.^(DEI|2369)

+ * 1869 – ''Maritabile'' is recorded.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # [[m|en|husband]]: a married man, in relation to his wife: ''Mio marito lavora in banca.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+ # ''(jocular)'' The male of a pair of animals.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)

+ # ''(agriculture)'' A tree that supports a [[m|en|vine]].^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+ # ''(regional)'' A [[m|en|bed-warmer]].^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[maritare]]

+ * [[maritata]]

+ * [[maritato]]

+ * [[maritale]]

+ * [[maritabile]]

+ * [[maritino]]

+ * [[maritozzo]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[la|maritus]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ ''Prendere marito'' means “to get married” (of a woman), and a girl ''da marito'' or ''in età da marito'' was one old enough to marry.^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)^(Gabrielli 2020)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}